关于肢端肥大症患者死亡率和共病风险的性别差异的先前研究结果各不相同。我们评估了肢端肥大症患者死亡率和并发症风险的性别差异。我们使用韩国全国性索赔数据库，从2009年到2019年，纳入了1884名肢端肥大症患者和1:50年龄和性别匹配的94200名对照组患者。在中位随访时间为5.51年的过程中，肢端肥大症组整体死亡率高于对照组（风险比[HR]为1.74，95% CI为1.38-2.19），女性高于男性（HR为2.17 vs. 1.36）。最常见的死因是恶性肿瘤。肢端肥大症女性患者年龄≥50岁的死亡率显著高于肢端肥大症男性患者年龄≥50岁的（HR为1.74 vs. 0.96）。除手术外的治疗亚组中，女性的死亡风险高于男性（HR为2.82 vs. 1.58）。在根据Charlson共病指数、社会经济地位、体重指数、酒精消耗、吸烟、空腹血浆葡萄糖、肌酐和总胆固醇进行调整后，肢端肥大症患者的死亡率性别差异保持不变。与年龄和性别匹配的对照组相比，肢端肥大症患者发生心血管主要不良事件、心房颤动、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）、糖尿病（DM）、终末期肾脏疾病、帕金森病、抑郁症和恶性肿瘤的风险较高，而女性比男性的OSA和DM风险更高。与年龄和性别匹配的对照组相比，肢端肥大症患者的死亡和并发症风险在女性中更高。© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Society of Endocrinology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

The results of previous studies on sex differences in mortality and comorbidities among patients with acromegaly are diverse. We assessed the sex differences in mortality and the risk of complications in patients with acromegaly.We included 1884 patients with acromegaly with 1:50 age- and sex-matched 94200 controls using the Korean nationwide claims database from 2009 to 2019.During the median 5.51 years of follow-up, the acromegaly group had higher all-cause mortality than the control group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.74, 95% CI 1.38-2.19), with higher risk in women than men (HR 2.17 vs. 1.36). The most common cause of death was malignancy. Women with acromegaly aged ≥50 years exhibited significantly higher mortality than men with acromegaly aged ≥50 years (HR 1.74 vs. 0.96). In a treatment subgroup other than surgery alone, women had a higher risk of mortality than men (HR 2.82 vs. 1.58). Sex differences in mortality among patients with acromegaly remained equal after adjustment for the Charlson Comorbidity Index, socioeconomic status, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking, fasting plasma glucose, creatinine, and total cholesterol. Patients with acromegaly had elevated risks of developing major adverse cardiovascular events, atrial fibrillation, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), diabetes mellitus (DM), end-stage renal disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, and malignancy than age- and sex-matched controls, with a higher risk of OSA and DM in women than men.The risk of mortality and complication in patients with acromegaly compared to age- and sex-matched controls were higher in women than in men.© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Society of Endocrinology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.