本研究旨在探讨时间相关扩散磁共振成像（MRI）参数在区分胶质母细胞瘤和脑转移瘤中的应用。我们进行了一项回顾性研究，涉及65例胶质母细胞瘤患者和27例转移瘤患者，使用了一种具有震荡梯度自旋回波（OGSE, 50 Hz）和传统脉冲梯度自旋回波（PGSE, 0 Hz）序列的扩散加权成像序列。除了来自两个序列的表观扩散系数（ADC）图（ADC50Hz和ADC0Hz）外，我们还生成了ADC变化（cADC）图：ADC50Hz减去ADC0Hz，并且相对ADC变化（rcADC）图：（ADC50Hz减去ADC0Hz）/ ADC0Hz乘以100％。比较了增强区域和肿瘤周围区域的每个参数的平均值以及第五和第95百分位值之间胶质母细胞瘤和转移瘤之间的差异。比较了最佳区分指标的受试者工作特征曲线下面积（AUC）值。在增强区域中，ADC0Hz和ADC50Hz的指标中没有一个显示出转移瘤和胶质母细胞瘤之间的显著差异。转移瘤的平均cADC和rcADC值显著高于胶质母细胞瘤（0.24±0.12 × 10^-3mm^2/s vs. 0.14±0.03 × 10^-3mm^2/s和23.3±9.4％vs. 14.0±4.7％；都是 p < 0.01）。在肿瘤周围区域中，所有ADC指标之间没有观察到转移瘤和胶质母细胞瘤的显著差异。在增强区域中，平均cADC（0.877）和rcADC（0.819）值的AUC值显著高于ADC0Hz第5百分位值（0.595；都是 p < 0.001）。时间相关扩散MRI参数可能有助于区分脑转移瘤和胶质母细胞瘤。© 2023. 国际癌症影像学会（ICIS）。

This study was designed to investigate the use of time-dependent diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters in distinguishing between glioblastomas and brain metastases.A retrospective study was conducted involving 65 patients with glioblastomas and 27 patients with metastases using a diffusion-weighted imaging sequence with oscillating gradient spin-echo (OGSE, 50 Hz) and a conventional pulsed gradient spin-echo (PGSE, 0 Hz) sequence. In addition to apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps from two sequences (ADC50Hz and ADC0Hz), we generated maps of the ADC change (cADC): ADC50Hz - ADC0Hz and the relative ADC change (rcADC): (ADC50Hz - ADC0Hz)/ ADC0Hz × 100 (%).The mean and the fifth and 95th percentile values of each parameter in enhancing and peritumoral regions were compared between glioblastomas and metastases. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of the best discriminating indices were compared. In enhancing regions, none of the indices of ADC0Hz and ADC50Hz showed significant differences between metastases and glioblastomas. The mean cADC and rcADC values of metastases were significantly higher than those of glioblastomas (0.24 ± 0.12 × 10-3mm2/s vs. 0.14 ± 0.03 × 10-3mm2/s and 23.3 ± 9.4% vs. 14.0 ± 4.7%; all p < 0.01). In peritumoral regions, no significant difference in all ADC indices was observed between metastases and glioblastomas. The AUC values for the mean cADC (0.877) and rcADC (0.819) values in enhancing regions were significantly higher than those for ADC0Hz5th (0.595; all p < 0.001).The time-dependent diffusion MRI parameters may be useful for differentiating brain metastases from glioblastomas.© 2023. International Cancer Imaging Society (ICIS).