胰腺癌是消化系统常见的恶性肿瘤之一，被誉为“癌症之王”。早期诊断非常困难，疾病进展迅速，化疗和放疗效果不佳，因此胰腺癌患者的预后非常差。大量研究已经表明，缺氧与胰腺癌的发展和进展密切相关。胰腺癌微环境中的血液供应不足和结缔组织增生导致其严重缺氧。这种缺氧微环境进一步促进了血管生成和结缔组织增生。缺氧是通过复杂的缺氧诱导因子（HIF）信号通路介导的，并在高度免疫抑制的微环境形成和胰腺癌转移中起重要作用。进一步研究缺氧微环境将有助于阐明缺氧在胰腺癌中的具体作用机制，并为缺氧靶向治疗和诊断策略的实现提供基础。 版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier B.V. 发表。

Pancreatic cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of the digestive system and is known as the "king of cancers". It is extremely difficult to diagnose at an early stage, the disease progresses rapidly, and the effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is poor, so the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients is very poor. Numerous studies have suggested that hypoxia is closely related to the development and progression of pancreatic cancer. Inadequate blood supply and desmoplasia in the microenvironment of pancreatic cancer can result in its extreme hypoxia. This hypoxic microenvironment can further contribute to angiogenesis and desmoplasia. Hypoxia is mediated by the complex hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) signaling pathway and plays an important role in the formation of a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment and the metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Further work on the hypoxic microenvironment will help clarify the specific mechanisms of the role of hypoxia in pancreatic cancer and provide a basis for the realization of hypoxia-targeted therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.