一个80岁的男性病人因为持续1周的发热、血尿和全身不适来到急诊。他的病史包括膀胱浅表尿路上皮癌，曾经辅助用BCG（卡介苗）进行膀胱内免疫治疗数月。患者被收入医院，最初被给予头孢菌素治疗疑似复杂性泌尿系感染，但症状没有好转。初次入院10天后，患者在一次发热和寒战的过程中发展出低氧血症性呼吸衰竭，被送入重症监护室。Copyright © 2023 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

An 80-year-old man came to the ED with fever, hematuria, and overall discomfort for 1 week. His medical history included a superficial urothelial carcinoma of the bladder for which he was adjunctively treated with intravesical Mycobacterium bovis BCG (bacillus Calmette-Guérin) immunotherapy for several months. The patient was admitted to the hospital and was initially treated with cephalosporins for a suspected complicated urinary tract infection, but his symptoms did not improve. Ten days after the initial admission, the patient developed hypoxemic respiratory failure during an episode of fever and cold chills and was admitted to the ICU.Copyright © 2023 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.