衰老是一种不可逆转的细胞周期停滞。衰老在癌症发展中起着双重作用，既是抑制肿瘤的抑癌基因，又是促进肿瘤炎性环境的致癌因素。压力诱导下的早衰（SIPS）和细胞复制衰老是衰老的两种主要亚型。衰老在癌症中起着双重作用，取决于环境和衰老类型。SIPS通过形成炎性环境可能导致癌症，而细胞复制衰老则可能预防癌症。参与衰老的主要途径包括p53-p21、p16INK4A-Rb途径以及mTOR、MAPK和PI3K途径。由于缺乏通用的衰老标记物，因此难以在体内准确识别衰老细胞。可靠的在体内衰老细胞检测方法的结合对于早期检测和新疗法开辟新途径至关重要。针对这些不足，目前正在发展一些新策略，包括荧光探针、纳米颗粒、正电子发射断层扫描探针、生物传感器和液体活检中无细胞DNA的检测。除了检测外，清除这些衰老细胞对于防止癌症复发也至关重要。近年来，纳米清除衰老细胞和免疫疗法也逐渐兴起。本综述提供了关于衰老细胞检测和治疗模式的各种进展的最新信息，对于未来癌症治疗和预后具有潜力，同时也介绍了它们的局限性和潜在解决方案。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Inc.发布。

Senescence is a form of irreversible cell cycle arrest. Senescence plays a dual role in cancer, as both a tumor suppressor by preventing the growth of damaged cells and a cancer promoter by creating an inflammatory milieu. Stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) and replicative senescence are the two major sub-types of senescence. Senescence plays a dual role in cancer, depending on the context and kind of senescence involved. SIPS can cause cancer by nurturing an inflammatory environment, whereas replicative senescence may prevent cancer. Major pathways that are involved in senescence are the p53-p21, p16INK4A-Rb pathway along with mTOR, MAPK, and PI3K pathways. The lack of universal senescence markers makes it difficult to identify senescent cells in vivo. A combination of reliable detection methods of senescent cells in vivo is of utmost importance and will help in early detection and open new avenues for future treatment. New strategies that are being developed in order to tackle these shortcomings are in the field of fluorescent probes, nanoparticles, positron emission tomography probes, biosensors, and the detection of cell-free DNA from liquid biopsies. Along with detection, eradication of these senescent cells is also important to prevent cancer reoccurrence. Recently, the field of nano-senolytic and immunotherapy has also been emerging. This review provides up-to-date information on the various types of advancements made in the field of detection and treatment modalities for senescent cells that hold promise for the future treatment and prognosis of cancer, as well as their limitations and potential solutions.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.