癌症是全球主要的死因，2020年新增癌症病例达到1930万例，死亡人数为1000万。传统的治疗方法存在许多缺陷，如细胞毒性和生物利用度差。纳米载体(NCs)已被研究用于传递各种治疗物质，如化疗药物和光热剂等。然而，快速被网状内皮系统清除，进入肿瘤微环境外渗性差和低系统半衰期等限制是成功进行临床转化的障碍。为了绕过当前治疗方法的缺陷，中性粒细胞膜（NM）基纳米治疗剂已经成为癌症管理的有希望的平台。它们具有自然肿瘤趋向性、肿瘤特异性积累和由于其自体特性避免快速清除等多功能特点，使其成为有效的抗癌NCs。在本文中，我们讨论了分离、包被和表征NM的各种方法。我们还讨论了NM包被纳米治疗剂在不同治疗方法中的新辅助和辅助作用，如化疗、光热和光动力疗法，并解释了它们包含的原理。我们讨论了从实验室到床旁转化过程中面临的临床障碍及可能的解决方案。我们相信，在未来几年中，NM包被纳米治疗剂将为癌症管理开辟新的视野。版权所有 © 2023. Elsevier Inc.出版。

Cancer is the leading cause of death across the globe, with 19.3 million new cancer cases and 10 million deaths in the year 2020. Conventional treatment modalities have numerous pitfalls, such as off-site cytotoxicity and poor bioavailability. Nanocarriers (NCs) have been explored to deliver various therapeutic moieties such as chemotherapeutic agents and photothermal agents, etc. However, several limitations, such as rapid clearance by the reticuloendothelial system, poor extravasation into the tumor microenvironment, and low systemic half-life are roadblocks to successful clinical translation. To circumvent the pitfalls of currently available treatment modalities, neutrophil membrane (NM)-based nanotherapeutics have emerged as a promising platform for cancer management. Their versatile features such as natural tumor tropism, tumor-specific accumulation, and prevention from rapid clearance owing to their autologous nature make them an effective anticancer NCs. In this manuscript, we have discussed various methods for isolation, coating and characterization of NM. We have discussed the role of NM-coated nanotherapeutics as neoadjuvant and adjuvant in different treatment modalities, such as chemotherapy, photothermal and photodynamic therapies with rationales behind their inclusion. Clinical hurdles faced during the bench-to-bedside translation with possible solutions have been discussed. We believe that in the upcoming years, NM-coated nanotherapeutics will open a new horizon in cancer management.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.