罗巴伊大簇蘑菇因其可口的味道和丰富的营养素而在许多传统文化中受到欢迎，并具有很多对健康有益的特性。以前的研究已经列举了这种珍贵蘑菇的多种生物活性，如抗氧化、抗衰老、免疫调节和抗肿瘤性质等，其中多糖起到了关键作用。通常采用传统热水法提取大型真菌聚合物，但该方法会丢弃仍含有大量治疗成分的残渣。因此，本研究旨在利用高温下将该食用菌浸泡在NaOH溶液中，以支持循环经济，重新利用可食性大型真菌的剩余物。结果成功分离出一种多糖成分，命名为ML-HAP，发现其由分子量大约为128 kDa的均一异多糖和以β-葡聚糖为主要成分组成，该发现得到了光谱学、胶体渗透色谱、高效薄层色谱和傅里叶变换红外证实。抗氧化活性实验显示，该大分子具有良好的自由基清除、金属离子结合和还原能力。同时，在24小时内记录到了强烈的免疫激活作用，提取物触发小鼠巨噬细胞的细胞活力、吞噬作用、一氧化氮产生和形态动力学变化，其中在100 µg/mL的浓度下效果最好。总的来说，从罗巴伊大簇蘑菇中提取的多糖具有在功能性食品、制药、营养和保健产业中潜在的应用前景，这将提高未被充分开发的蘑菇的经济价值。

Macrocybe lobayensis owe popularity in several traditional cultures not only for delectable taste but also for its nutraceutical profile conveying great health benefits. Previous investigations have enumerated several bioactivities of the valuable mushroom such as antioxidant, anti-ageing, immune-modulation, and anti-tumor properties where polysaccharides played the key role. Macrofungi polymers are generally isolated by the conventional hot water process discarding the residue which still contains plenty of therapeutic components. The present study thus aimed to re-use such leftover of the edible macrofungus by immersing it in NaOH solution at high temperature supporting circular economy. Consequently a polysaccharide fraction, namely ML-HAP, was isolated that was found to be consisted of a homogenous heteropolysaccharide with molecular weight of ~ 128 kDa and β-glucan as the chief ingredient as evident by spectroscopy, gel-permeation chromatography, high performance thin-layer chromatography, and Fourier transform infrared. Antioxidant activity assays revealed that the macromolecules possess good radical scavenging, metal ion binding and reducing power. Nevertheless, strong immune-potentiation was also recorded as the extract triggered murine macrophage cell viability, pinocytosis, nitric oxide production and morpho-dynamics within 24 h where the best effect was executed at the level of 100 µg/mL. Altogether, the polysaccharides extracted from M. lobayensis exhibited a potent application prospect in functional food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and health care industries that could raise economic value of the underexplored mushroom.