糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病（DM）最常见的微血管并发症之一。最近的一项体外研究发现，细胞因子信号抑制剂6（SOCS6）在DR和DM中发挥保护作用。然而，目前还没有研究关注SOCS6在DR发展中的作用。本研究旨在研究血清SOCS6在DR中的表达和临床意义。共有159名DR患者参与了本研究。此外，还招募了156名无DR的2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测血清中SOC6、C-反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和血管生成素-2（ANG-2）的水平。收集人口统计学和临床数据。年龄、DM病程、收缩压、舒张压、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和总胆固醇（TC）水平在增生性DR（PDR）患者中明显较高。与非PDR患者或非DR T2DM患者相比，PDR患者的血清SOCS6水平明显降低。Pearson分析显示，SOCS6与CRP、IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β、VEGF和ANG-2呈负相关。SOCS6低表达组的CRP、IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β、VEGF和ANG-2血清水平明显增高，与高SOCS6水平组患者相比。受试者操作特征曲线（ROC）显示SOCS6可能是DR的潜在诊断生物标志物。逻辑回归使用了3个模型。结果发现，模型1中的SOCS6、DM病程、收缩压和舒张压、模型2中的IL-1β和TNF-α、模型3中的VEGF和ANG-2是DR的危险因素。SOCS6在DR患者中降低，并与炎症和血管生成因子等严重程度和临床结果相关。

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). A recent in vitro study found that the suppressor of cytokine signaling 6 (SOCS6) plays a protective role in DR and DM. However, to date, no clinical studies have focused on the role of SOSC6 in DR development.The present study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of serum SOCS6 in DR.A total of 159 DR patients were enrolled in the study. Additionally, 156 type 2 DM (T2DM) patients without DR were recruited as controls. Serum levels of SOCS6, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Demographic and clinical data were collected.Age, the course of DM, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and the levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) were significantly higher in proliferative DR (PDR) patients. Serum SOCS6 levels in PDR patients were remarkably lower than in non-PDR patients or non-DR T2DM patients. The Pearson's analysis showed that SOCS6 was negatively correlated with CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, VEGF, and ANG-2. The serum levels of CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, VEGF, and ANG-2 in the SOCS6 low expression group were significantly increased compared to patients with high SOCS6 levels. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that SOCS6 could be a potential diagnostic biomarker for DR. For logistic regression, 3 models were used. It was found that SOCS6, the course of DM, SBP and DBP in model 1, IL-1β and TNF-α in model 2, and VEGF and ANG-2 in model 3 were risk factors for DR.The SOCS6 is decreased in DR patients and is related to severity and clinical outcomes, including inflammatory and angiogenic factors.