1. Deguelin（DGN）, 一种从多种植物中提取的维生素A类似物，对多种类型的肿瘤细胞表现出强大的抗癌活性。然而，关于DGN对红细胞（RBCs）的毒性还缺乏证据。考虑到癌症患者普遍存在化疗相关的贫血问题，这一点非常重要。 2. RBCs在37℃下被暴露于1-100μM的DGN中，持续24小时。使用光度计测量了溶血和相关标志物，同时使用流式细胞术通过Annexin-V-FITC结合和光散射特性检测磷脂酰丝氨酸外露。此外，使用Fluo4/AM和H2DCFDA分别定量细胞质中的Ca2+和活性氧化物。除此之外，还测试了DGN对特定信号传导抑制剂、维生素C和ATP的影响。 3. DGN导致Annexin-V阳性细胞数量显著增加，伴随细胞萎缩，但没有出现Ca2+升高或氧化应激。DGN还引发了剂量依赖的溶血反应，通过防止KCl离子流失和存在蔗糖、D4476和ATP的情况下得到改善。在全血中，DGN显著增加了网织红细胞计数、血小板分布宽度和大细胞计数。 4. DGN通过Casein激酶1α和ATP耗竭触发RBC的过早红细胞溶解作用和溶血作用，并且对网织红细胞和血小板具有特异毒性。

1. Deguelin (DGN), a retinoid isolated from many plants, exhibits a potent anticancer activity against a wide spectrum of tumour cells. There is a dearth of evidence, however, regarding the toxicity of DGN to red blood cells (RBCs). This is relevant given the prevalent chemotherapy-associated anaemia observed in cancer patients.2. RBCs were exposed to 1-100 μM of DGN for 24 h at 37 °C. Haemolysis and related markers were photometrically measured while flow cytometry was employed to detect phosphatidylserine exposure through Annexin-V-FITC binding and light scatter properties. Additionally, cytosolic Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species were quantified using Fluo4/AM and H2DCFDA, respectively. DGN was also tested against specific signalling inhibitors in addition to vitamin C and ATP.3. DGN caused a significant increase in Annexin-V-positive cells which was accompanied by cell shrinkage without Ca2+ elevation or oxidative stress. DGN also elicited dose-responsive haemolysis which was ameliorated by preventing KCl efflux and in the presence of sucrose, D4476, and ATP. In whole blood, DGN significantly reduced the reticulocyte count and increased platelet distribution width and large cell count.4. DGN triggers premature RBC eryptosis and haemolysis through casein kinase 1α and ATP depletion, and exhibits a specific toxicity toward reticulocytes and platelets.