妇女人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）的流行病学已有很好的文献记录。有关男性HPV流行病学的了解较少。我们旨在提供有关男性生殖器HPV感染的全球和区域整体、亚型和年龄特异性患病率的最新数据。我们进行了系统综述和荟萃分析，评估男性总体人群中生殖器HPV感染的患病率。我们在Embase、Ovid MEDLINE和全球医学索引中搜索了1995年1月1日至2022年6月1日之间发表的研究。纳入标准为15岁及以上男性的人群调查或具有至少50名男性样本的HPV患病率研究，这些男性没有与HPV相关的病理性变或已知HPV感染危险因素，并且收集了肛门生殖部位的样本，并使用PCR或杂交捕获2技术进行HPV DNA检测。排除标准为在HPV感染风险增加的人群中进行的研究、仅在割礼男性中进行的研究以及基于尿液或精液样本进行的研究。我们筛选了识别的报告，并从符合条件的报告中提取了摘要级别的数据。数据由两名研究人员独立提取，并由第三名评审，通过一致共识解决异议。我们只提取黏膜α属HPV的数据。使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析估计了全球和区域的任何HPV、高风险（HR）HPV和各个HPV亚型的年龄特异性患病率，并根据联合国可持续发展目标的地理分类进行分组。我们从数据库搜索中确定了5685篇文献，包括来自35个国家的65项研究（共44769男性）。全球汇总患病率为31％（95％CI 27-35），任何HR-HPV的汇总患病率为21％（18-24）。 HPV-16是最常见的HPV基因型（5％，95％CI 4-7），其次是HPV-6（4％，3-5）。 HPV患病率在年轻成年人中较高，达到25岁至29岁之间的最高点，此后稳定或略有下降。对于联合国可持续发展目标地理区域的欧洲和北美、撒哈拉以南的非洲、拉丁美洲和加勒比地区以及澳大利亚和新西兰（大洋洲），汇总患病率估计值相似。东亚和东南亚的估计值是其他地区的一半。全球有近三分之一的男性感染至少一种生殖器HPV类型，约五分之一的男性感染一种或多种HR-HPV类型。我们的研究结果表明，男性15岁以上的HPV感染患病率较高，并支持无论年龄如何，性活跃的男性都是HPV生殖器感染的重要储存库。这些估计结果强调了将男性纳入综合HPV预防策略的重要性，以减少男性相关的HPV相关疾病发病率和死亡率，并最终实现宫颈癌和其他HPV相关疾病的消除。卡洛斯三世健康研究所, 欧洲区域发展基金, 加泰罗尼亚政府商业和知识部门大学和研究秘书处以及地平线2020年计划。有关摘要的西班牙语和法语翻译，请参见补充材料部分。©2023年世界卫生组织. 由爱思唯尔出版有限公司出版。版权所有。本文是根据CC BY NC ND 3.0 IGO许可证发布的开放获取文章，允许用户下载和分享文章，但文章必须在完整无误的情况下进行复制，并提供正确的原始来源。本文不得与商业产品、服务或任何实体的推广相关联。不得暗示世界卫生组织认可任何特定组织、产品或服务。世界卫生组织标志的使用是不被允许的。此通知应与文章的原始URL一起保留。

The epidemiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) in women has been well documented. Less is known about the epidemiology of HPV in men. We aim to provide updated global and regional pooled overall, type-specific, and age-specific prevalence estimates of genital HPV infection in men.We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of genital HPV infection in the general male population. We searched Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, and the Global Index Medicus for studies published between Jan 1, 1995, and June 1, 2022. Inclusion criteria were population-based surveys in men aged 15 years or older or HPV prevalence studies with a sample size of at least 50 men with no HPV-related pathology or known risk factors for HPV infection that collected samples from anogenital sites and used PCR or hybrid capture 2 techniques for HPV DNA detection. Exclusion criteria were studies conducted among populations at increased risk of HPV infection, exclusively conducted among circumcised men, and based on urine or semen samples. We screened identified reports and extracted summary-level data from those that were eligible. Data were extracted by two researchers independently and reviewed by a third, and discrepancies were resolved by consensus. We extracted only data on mucosal α-genus HPVs. Global and regional age-specific prevalences for any HPV, high-risk (HR)-HPV, and individual HPV types were estimated using random-effects models for meta-analysis and grouped by UN Sustainable Development Goals geographical classification.We identified 5685 publications from database searches, of which 65 studies (comprising 44 769 men) were included from 35 countries. The global pooled prevalence was 31% (95% CI 27-35) for any HPV and 21% (18-24) for HR-HPV. HPV-16 was the most prevalent HPV genotype (5%, 95% CI 4-7) followed by HPV-6 (4%, 3-5). HPV prevalence was high in young adults, reaching a maximum between the ages of 25 years and 29 years, and stabilised or slightly decreased thereafter. Pooled prevalence estimates were similar for the UN Sustainable Development Goal geographical regions of Europe and Northern America, Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Australia and New Zealand (Oceania). The estimates for Eastern and South-Eastern Asia were half that of the other regions.Almost one in three men worldwide are infected with at least one genital HPV type and around one in five men are infected with one or more HR-HPV types. Our findings show that HPV prevalence is high in men over the age of 15 years and support that sexually active men, regardless of age, are an important reservoir of HPV genital infection. These estimates emphasise the importance of incorporating men in comprehensive HPV prevention strategies to reduce HPV-related morbidity and mortality in men and ultimately achieve elimination of cervical cancer and other HPV-related diseases.Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Regional Development Fund, Secretariat for Universities and Research of the Department of Business and Knowledge of the Government of Catalonia, and Horizon 2020.For the Spanish and French translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.© 2023 World Health Organization. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This is an Open Access article published under the CC BY NC ND 3.0 IGO license which permits users to download and share the article for non-commercial purposes, so long as the article is reproduced in the whole without changes, and provided the original source is properly cited. This article shall not be used or reproduced in association with the promotion of commercial products, services or any entity. There should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organisation, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. This notice should be preserved along with the article's original URL.