尼日利亚非传染性疾病（NCDs）的重要性体现在其不断增加的负担，迅速超越传染性疾病。由于大部分NCD照护都是由个人支付的费用，而且NCDs往往通过慢性残疾造成相当大的收入损失，因此增加的与NCD相关的健康负担也可能对经济产生不利影响。鉴于尼日利亚缺乏有关NCDs的经济负担的最新国家水平证据，本研究旨在通过分析尼日利亚患有NCDs的家庭由于个人支付支出和生产力损失而遭受的财务困难的范围，产生新的证据。本研究分析了尼日利亚最新一轮（2018-19）尼日利亚生活标准调查（NLSS）的横截面数据。使用家庭层面的健康和消费数据，采用2018年由世界卫生组织欧洲地区最近开发的更加公平的方法，估计了因个人支付健康支出而产生的灾难性健康支出（CHE）和贫困化效应。还利用收入和工作时间损失数据，运用基于输入的人力资本方法估计了NCD患者的生产力损失。平均而言，患有NCDs的家庭每年在NCD照护上花费了122,313.60 ₦ 或 398.52 美元，占家庭食品支出的24%。研究发现，癌症治疗、心理问题和肾脏疾病的个人支付支出显著造成了NCD照护的费用。个人支付支出导致家庭遭受灾难性和贫困化的后果。估计结果显示，2018年约有30%的患有NCDs的家庭在世界卫生组织欧洲地区提供的40%门槛下经历了CHE。研究还发现，NCD药物费用是影响患有NCDs家庭遭受CHE的重要因素。结果显示，尼日利亚各州和地理区域在CHE和贫穷程度上存在异质性，农村和东北地缘政治位置集中度较高。研究还发现，垫付费用导致了20%的NCD患者家庭贫困或进一步贫困，另外10%处于贫困边缘。结果显示，患有NCDs的家庭中几乎没有未满足需求的情况。本研究强调了NCDs对尼日利亚家庭的重大影响以及对贫困和弱势群体特别是有效政策干预的需求。© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.

The importance of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Nigeria is reflected in their growing burden that is fast overtaking that of infectious diseases. As most NCD care is paid for through out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses, and NCDs tend to cause substantial income losses through chronic disabilities, the rising NCD-related health burden may also be economically detrimental. Given the lack of updated national-level evidence on the economic burden of NCDs in Nigeria, this study aims to produce new evidence on the extent of financial hardship experienced by households with NCDs in Nigeria due to OOP expenditure and productivity loss.This study analysed cross-sectional data from the most recent round (2018-19) of the Nigeria Living Standard Survey (NLSS). Household-level health and consumption data were used to estimate catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and impoverishing effects due to OOP health spending, using a more equitable method recently developed by the World Health Organization European region in 2018. The productivity loss by individuals with NCDs was also estimated from income and work-time loss data, applying the input-based human capital approach.On average, a household with NCDs spent ₦ 122,313.60 or $ 398.52 per year on NCD care, representing 24% of household food expenditure. The study found that OOP on cancer treatment, mental problems, and renal diseases significantly contribute to the cost of NCD care. The OOP expenditure led to catastrophic and impoverishing outcomes for households. The estimations showed that about 30% of households with NCDs experienced CHE in 2018, using the WHO Europe method at the 40% threshold. The study also found that the cost of NCD medications was a significant driver of CHE among NCD-affected households. The results showed heterogeneity in CHE and impoverishment across states and geographical regions in Nigeria, with a higher concentration in rural and North East geopolitical locations. The study also found that 20% of NCD-affected households were impoverished or further impoverished by OOP payment, and another 10% were on the verge of impoverishment. The results showed a negligible rate of unmet needs among households with NCDs.The study highlights the significant effect of NCDs on Nigerian households and the need for effective policy interventions to address this challenge, particularly among the poor and vulnerable.© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.