自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一组复杂的神经发育障碍，其特征为非典型行为，包括社交互动/沟通缺陷和重复行为，这些表现与氧化还原失衡有关。通过调节低水平压力诱导的细胞适应性机制，可以为治疗策略的开发提供一种新方法。在这一背景下，许多多酚化合物在体外和体内研究中展示了神经保护作用，并在[2, 3]的综述中进行了全面评述。蘑菇在传统医学中使用已有多年，并与许多治疗特性相关联，包括抗肿瘤、免疫调节、抗氧化、抗病毒、抗菌和肝保护作用[4]。我们最近的研究惊人地表明，营养蘑菇中存在多酚化合物，并展示了它们在人类和大鼠神经退行性疾病不同模型中的保护作用[5, 6]。尽管其治疗效果通过多种机制发挥，但越来越多的关注点集中在它们调节细胞信号通路，如核因子红细胞2相关因子2（Nrf2）和核因子κB（NF-κB）路径，从而诱导内源性防御系统。在这里，我们讨论了激素作用的保护作用及其在ASD中的调控作用。版权所有© Bentham Science Publishers；如有任何疑问，请通过epub@benthamscience.net发送电子邮件。

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes a heterogeneous group of complex neurodevel opmental disorders characterized by atypical behaviors with two core pathological manifestations: deficits in social interaction/communication and repetitive behaviors, which are associated with disturbed redox homeostasis. Modulation of cellular resilience mechanisms induced by low levels of stressors represents a novel approach for the development of therapeutic strategies, and in this context, neuroprotective effects of a wide range of polyphenol compounds have been demonstrated in several in vitro and in vivo studies and thoroughly reviewed by [2, 3]. Mushrooms have been used in traditionalmedicine for many years and have been associated with a long list of therapeutic properties, including antitumor, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and hepatoprotective effects [4]. Our recent studies have strikingly indicated the presence of polyphenols in nutritional mushrooms and demonstrated their protective effects in different models of neurodegenerative disorders in humans and rats [5, 6]. Although their therapeutic effects are exerted through multiple mechanisms, increasing attention is focusing on their capacity to induce endogenous defense systems by modulating cellular signaling processes such as nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathways. Here we discuss the protective role of hormesis and its modulation by hermetic nutrients in ASD.Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.