类甜凝环(LR)是一种浓缩的无细胞层状结构，通常可在囊性和炎症组织中发现，但也可见于肿瘤性疾病。Liesegang环曾被错误地解释为类似于沙颗粒状钙化、寄生虫和藻类等结构。本研究旨在系统回顾和总结肾脏非肿瘤性和肿瘤性疾病中Liesegang环的存在情况。通过使用Kidney、Liesegang Rings、Liesegang structure或pseudo parasitic structure与布尔运算符“and”结合搜索术语，在PUBMED、PUBMED CENTRAL和EMBASE数据库以及Google Scholar上进行了系统搜索。收集了人口学特征和组织病理诊断的数据。搜索功能限于人类受试者。两位评审人员独立进行资格评估和数据提取。资格纳入标准包括所有与肾脏非肿瘤性和肿瘤性条件相关的全球英文文献出版物，不论出版年限。还包括那些全文不可获得但摘要描述良好，符合我们纳入标准的病例。资格排除标准包括除肾脏以外的其他器官中发现的LR、完整文本以其他语言出版、非人类和重复文章/病例。根据排除标准排除文章后，回顾了符合纳入标准的总文章数量。此外，所有文章还进一步进行了交叉引用以获取额外的文章。从此次搜索中检索到的所有已发表论文都被考虑在内。迄今为止，共发现22篇论文(26例病例)诊断为肾脏Liesegang环。其中一些文章被发表为系列病例。因此，报告了与肾脏肿瘤性和非肿瘤性疾病相关的26例患者患有Liesegang环，其中12例为男性，14例为女性。其中一例没有提及性别。Liesegang环的发生频率在生命的第四到第五个十年之间较高。婴儿和年幼儿童中没有报道单个病例。关于Liesegang环的易感因素，囊性液体成分是最常见的潜在条件。在我们的实践中，我们遇到了一个罕见的病例，一位55岁的女性抱怨左上腹部疼痛。超声检查显示肾结石和慢性肾脏病，进行了肾切除术。组织病理学检查中偶然发现了Liesegang环和乳头状腺瘤，同时伴有慢性肾盂肾炎的特征。我们的回顾将为了解肾脏疾病的不同范围中的Liesegang环提供深入的见解。本研究为目前检索到的第一份有关肾脏中Liesegang环的系统回顾文献。虽然Liesegang环没有太大的临床意义，但在处理肾脏的不同病变时，应谨记它们是许多有机物、无机物、寄生虫和恶性肿瘤的良好模仿者。版权所有© Bentham Science Publishers；如有任何疑问，请发送电子邮件至epub@benthamscience.net。

Liesegang rings (LR) are concentric acellular lamellar structures, usually found in cystic and inflammatory tissues but can also be seen in neoplastic conditions. They have been mistakenly interpreted as various structures like psammomatous calcification, parasites, and algae. This study has aimed to systematically review and summarize the existence of LRs in both non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions of the kidney. The systematic search in PUBMED, PUBMED CENTRAL, and EMBASE databases along with Google Scholar was performed by using Kidney, Liesegang Rings, or Liesegang structure or pseudo parasitic structure in combination with the Boolean operators ''and'' as searching terms. Data were collected for demographic characteristics and histopathology diagnosis. The search function was limited to human subjects. Two reviewers independently performed the eligibility assessment and data extraction. Eligibility inclusion criteria were all publications in the English literature worldwide related to Liesegang rings in association with kidney's non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions, regardless of the years of publication. Also included were those cases whose full articles were unavailable, but the abstract was well-described, fulfilling our inclusive criteria. Eligibility exclusion criteria included LRs found elsewhere in the body organs apart from the kidney and availability of full text in a different language, non-human, and duplicate article/case.After the exclusion of the articles as per the exclusion criteria, the total articles that fulfilled the inclusive criteria were reviewed. In addition, all the articles were further cross-referenced for additional articles. All published papers retrieved from this search were considered for this review. A total of 22 records (26 cases) were found with a diagnosis of LRs in the kidney to date. Some articles were published as case series. Accordingly, 26 patients were reported to have Liesegang rings associated with kidney neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions, 12 were male and 14 were female. For one case the gender was not mentioned. LRs presented a higher frequency in individuals between the 4th and 5th decades of life. No single case was reported in infants and younger children. Regarding predisposing factors for LRs, cystic fluid contents were the most common underlying condition.In our practice, we encountered an unusual case of a 55-year-old female with a complaint of pain in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. The ultrasound revealed nephrolithiasis and chronic kidney disease for which a nephrectomy was performed. On the histopathological examination, there was an incidental finding of Liesegang rings and a papillary adenoma along with features of chronic pyelonephritis. Our review will provide insight into LRs in different spectrums of kidney diseases.This study represents the first available systematic review of the literature demonstrating LRs in the kidney. Although Liesegang rings have no great clinical significance, nonetheless, their presence in both tissue and cytological specimens should be kept in mind while dealing with different lesions of the kidney as they are good mimickers of many organic and inorganic substances, parasites, and malignancies.Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.