心脏疾病是全球死亡的主要原因，强调了早期识别和风险分层对提高患者预后的重要性。生物标志物已经成为心血管疾病风险评估和疾病进展监测的重要工具。本综述主要关注多标志物方法，即同时评估多个生物标志物进行心脏疾病早期检测和风险分层。综述涵盖了新型生物标志物的临床应用，例如高敏感肌钙蛋白、果蝇凝集素-3、来源于肿瘤发生性2、B型利钠肽和N末端前B型利钠肽、生长分化因子15、髓过氧化物酶、脂肪酸结合蛋白、C-反应蛋白、脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2、微小RNA、循环内皮细胞和缺血改性白蛋白。这些生物标志物在识别具有较高心脏疾病发展风险的人群和提供预后数据方面表现出潜力。鉴于心脏疾病的复杂性，多标志物方法对风险评估极为有益。实施多标志物策略可以改善风险分层、诊断准确性和心脏疾病患者的护理。版权所有 © 2023, Ullah et al.

Cardiac diseases are a primary cause of mortality worldwide, underscoring the importance of early identification and risk stratification to enhance patient outcomes. Biomarkers have become important tools for the risk assessment of cardiovascular disease and monitoring disease progression. This narrative review focuses on the multiple-marker approach, which involves simultaneously evaluating several biomarkers for the early detection and risk stratification of heart diseases. The review covers the clinical applications of novel biomarkers, such as high-sensitivity troponin, galectin-3, source of tumorigenicity 2, B-type natriuretic peptide and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, growth differentiation factor 15, myeloperoxidase, fatty acid-binding protein, C-reactive protein, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, microRNAs, circulating endothelial cells, and ischemia-modified albumin. These biomarkers have demonstrated potential in identifying people who are at high risk for developing heart disease and in providing prognostic data. Given the complexity of cardiac illnesses, the multiple-marker approach to risk assessment is extremely beneficial. Implementing the multiple-marker strategy can improve risk stratification, diagnostic accuracy, and patient care in heart disease patients.Copyright © 2023, Ullah et al.