个体化医学为多种疾病在个人水平上提供了知识，从而改善了各种类型的肿瘤的预防和治疗。尽管检测手段更加广泛，但对于大多数患者来说，基因组检测和靶向治疗的费用仍然很高，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家。虽然价值框架和医疗技术评估对决策制定者至关重要，但在个体化医学药物经济学方面存在一些问题。全球共同努力可以改进这些工具，以便更多癌症患者获得个体化医学的服务。

Personalized medicine has allowed for knowledge at an individual level for several diseases and this has led to improvements in prevention and treatment of various types of neoplasms. Despite the greater availability of tests, the costs of genomic testing and targeted therapies are still high for most patients, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Although value frameworks and health technology assessment are fundamental to allow decision-making by policymakers, there are several concerns in terms of personalized medicine pharmacoeconomics. A global effort may improve these tools in order to allow access to personalized medicine for an increasing number of patients with cancer.