血液系统恶性肿瘤（HMs）是一类高度异质性的疾病，全球发病率不断上升。尽管在HMs的治疗方面取得了重大进展，但传统疗法的疗效有限，且高死亡率的复发仍然频繁发生。冬虫夏草提取物中的核苷类似物角蛋白因具有抗炎、抗肿瘤和抗转移活性而被广泛应用于治疗。角蛋白通过激活腺苷受体、死亡受体以及多条重要信号通路（包括MAPK、ERK、PI3K、AKT以及GSK-3β/β-catenin）诱导不同亚型的HMs细胞凋亡。本综述总结了利用角蛋白治疗HMs的影响，并重点强调其作为未来癌症研究的有希望途径，基于体外、体内研究以及临床试验的证据。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Inc. 各项权利已保留。

Hematological malignancies(HMs) are highly heterogeneous diseases with globally rising incidence. Despite major improvements in the management of HMs, conventional therapies have limited efficacy, and relapses with high mortality rates are still frequent. Cordycepin, a nucleoside analog extracted from Cordyceps species, represents a wide range of therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-metastatic activities. Cordycepin induces apoptosis in different subtypes of HMs by triggering adenosine receptors, death receptors, and several vital signaling pathways such as MAPK, ERK, PI3K, AKT, and GSK-3β/β-catenin. This review article summarizes the impact of utilizing cordycepin on HMs, and highlights its potential as a promising avenue for future cancer research based on evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as clinical trials.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.