我们调查了血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平与精神病症状、临床和社会人口特征以及抗精神病药物治疗在精神分裂症患者中的关系。TNF-α水平在90例精神分裂症患者和90例年龄、性别、吸烟状况和体质指数相匹配的健康对照组中被测量。阳性和阴性综合症状量表（PANSS）被用来评估患者的精神病病理严重程度。 在患者和对照组之间未检测到TNF-α水平的显著差异（p=0.736）。TNF-α水平与PANSS总分、阳性分、阴性分、一般症状分和综合症状分均无相关性（均p>0.05）。在TNF-α水平和PANSS认知因子之间观察到显著的负相关（ρ=-0.222，p=0.035）。层次回归分析确定认知因子是TNF-α水平的显著预测因子（β=-0.258，t=-2.257，p=0.027）。在不同类型的抗精神病药物治疗的患者中没有TNF-α水平的显著差异（p=0.596）。TNF-α水平与发病年龄呈正相关（ρ=0.233，p=0.027），与疾病持续时间呈负相关（ρ=-0.247，p=0.019），与抗精神病治疗持续时间呈负相关（ρ=-0.256，p=0.015）。 这些结果表明，在精神分裂症中，TNF-α可能参与认知损害，并成为精神分裂症的潜在临床状态标志物。

We investigated the relationship between serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and psychopathological symptoms, clinical and socio-demographic characteristics and antipsychotic therapy in individuals with schizophrenia. TNF-α levels were measured in 90 patients with schizophrenia and 90 healthy controls matched by age, gender, smoking status, and body mass index. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess the severity of psychopathology in patients. No significant differences in TNF-α levels were detected between the patients and controls (p=0.736). TNF-α levels were not correlated with total, positive, negative, general, or composite PANSS scores (all p>0.05). A significant negative correlation was observed between TNF-α levels and the PANSS cognitive factor (ρ=-0.222, p=0.035). A hierarchical regression analysis identified the cognitive factor as a significant predictor of the TNF-α level (beta=-0.258, t=-2.257, p=0.027). There were no significant differences in TNF-α levels among patients treated with different types of antipsychotics (p=0.596). TNF-α levels correlated positively with the age of onset (ρ=0.233, p=0.027) and negatively with illness duration (ρ=-0.247, p=0.019) and antipsychotic treatment duration (ρ=-0.256, p=0.015). These results indicate that TNF-α may be involved in cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, and would be a potential clinical-state marker in schizophrenia.