肺动脉高压（PH）是一种由于各种原因导致肺循环血管阻力增加的病理生理条件，主要导致右心功能障碍甚至死亡，特别是在危重病患者中。尽管药物干预在改善PH患者血流动力学方面表现出一定的疗效，但病死率仍然很高。因此，寻找PH的新靶点和治疗策略是迫切的。肝素酶（HPA）是一种专门在细胞外基质中切割肝素硫酸酯（HS）侧链的酶，起着炎症和肿瘤发生中的重要作用。近期研究表明HPA与PH之间存在密切关联，提示HPA作为潜在治疗靶点。 本综述检查了HPA在PH发病机制中的参与，包括其对内皮细胞、炎症和凝血的影响。此外，HPA可能作为诊断PH的生物标志物，并且HPA抑制剂的开发有望成为PH治疗的靶向治疗。版权所有 © 2023 Wang、Feng、Li、Chen和Liu。

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological condition of increased pulmonary circulation vascular resistance due to various reasons, which mainly leads to right heart dysfunction and even death, especially in critically ill patients. Although drug interventions have shown some efficacy in improving the hemodynamics of PH patients, the mortality rate remains high. Hence, the identification of new targets and treatment strategies for PH is imperative. Heparanase (HPA) is an enzyme that specifically cleaves the heparan sulfate (HS) side chains in the extracellular matrix, playing critical roles in inflammation and tumorigenesis. Recent studies have indicated a close association between HPA and PH, suggesting HPA as a potential therapeutic target. This review examines the involvement of HPA in PH pathogenesis, including its effects on endothelial cells, inflammation, and coagulation. Furthermore, HPA may serve as a biomarker for diagnosing PH, and the development of HPA inhibitors holds promise as a targeted therapy for PH treatment.Copyright © 2023 Wang, Feng, Li, Chen and Liu.