近四十年来，重组人生长激素（rhGH）的每日注射已被用于临床实践中，作为GH缺乏症（GHD）成年患者替代治疗的手段。长期坚持每日注射rhGH可能导致治疗效果降低，该问题已引起临床关注，因此开发了长效生长激素（LAGH）制剂来解决这个问题。长期使用rhGH的安全问题是一个需谨慎监测多年的另一方面，特别是与生长激素的增殖作用有关，可能增加肿瘤复发的风险或诱发新的良性和恶性肿瘤的发展。在本综述中，我们介绍了目前对GHD成年患者每日rhGH注射治疗的癌症风险的了解，并讨论了对LAGH制剂安全性的未来监测研究所需的主要关注和应对措施。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。

Daily injections of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) have been used in clinical practice for almost four decades as a replacement therapy in adult patients with GH deficiency (GHD). Long-term adherence to daily injections of rhGH is a clinical concern that may result in reduced therapeutic efficacy, and long-acting GH (LAGH) formulations have been developed in an attempt of overcoming this problem. Long-term safety issues of rhGH are the other side of the coin that has been carefully monitored over the years, particularly related to the proliferative actions of GH that could increase the risk of tumor recurrence or induce the development of new benign and malignant tumors. In this review, we present what is currently known about the cancer risk in GHD adults treated with daily rhGH injections and we discuss the major concerns and responses needed from future surveillance studies regarding the safety of LAGH preparations.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.