非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）IIIA期是一个多样化的群体，需要多模式治疗。本研究的目的是报告III型A-N2病患者的长期结局。我们对进行过初始手术的III型A-N2（T1-2N2）NSCLC病例进行了回顾性的分析。使用Kaplan-Meier曲线和Cox比例风险分析来评估不同变量对生存的影响。最终共纳入了475名患者。随访时间中位数108个月后，5年和10年的总生存率分别为42.2％和27.7％。与R1/R2切除相比，R0切除与无进展生存期（PFS）和总生存期（OS）改善相关（PFS：p=0.041；OS：p=0.015）。单站N2疾病的患者显示出较多站N2疾病的患者有更好的PFS和OS（PFS：p<0.001；OS：p=0.002）。手术切除后，辅助治疗与未接受任何治疗的患者相比，与PFS和OS的延长显著相关。然而，在化疗和放化疗之间，PFS和OS没有显著差异（PFS：p=0.915；OS：p=0.287）。EGFR外显子19缺失的患者的OS明显改善，与L858R的患者相比（p=0.040）。我们的研究显示了经过初始手术并接受辅助治疗的III型A-N2 NSCLC病患的有望的长期结局，尤其是那些进行R0切除和单站N2的患者。这项研究为这一具有挑战性人群的潜在管理和治疗选项提供了新的思路。© 2023年.外科肿瘤学会。

Stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a diverse group that requires multimodality treatment. The aim of this study was to report the long-term outcomes for patients with IIIA-N2 disease.We conducted a retrospective review of cases with IIIA-N2 (T1-2N2) NSCLC who underwent upfront surgery. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to assess the impact of various variables on survival.A total of 475 patients were ultimately included. With a median follow-up time of 108 months, the 5- and 10-year overall survival (OS) rates were 42.2% and 27.7%, respectively. R0 resection was found to be associated with improved progression-free survival (PFS) and OS compared with R1/R2 resection (p = 0.041 for PFS; p = 0.015 for OS). Patients with single-station N2 disease demonstrated significantly better PFS and OS than those with multiple-station N2 disease (p < 0.001 for PFS; p = 0.002 for OS). Following surgical resection, adjuvant therapy was significantly correlated with prolonged PFS and OS compared with those patients without any treatment. However, there was no significant difference in PFS and OS between chemotherapy and radiochemotherapy (p = 0.915 for PFS; p = 0.287 for OS). Patients with EGFR exon 19 deletion had significantly improved OS compared with those with L858R (p = 0.040).Our study shows promising long-term outcomes for selected patients with stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC treated with upfront surgery followed by adjuvant therapy, especially those with R0 resection and single-station N2. This study sheds light on the potential management and treatment options for this challenging population.© 2023. Society of Surgical Oncology.