结直肠癌（CRC）是一个公共卫生问题，也是全球第二常见的疾病。这是由于遗传编码和环境因素的影响，其中肠道微生物群落发挥了重要作用。本研究的目的是比较CRC患者与健康对照组的微生物群落构成，并识别CRC患者中上调和下调的蛋白质和代谢物。采用下一代测序技术，通过中国香港BGI DNBSEQ-T7对5名女性（4例CRC患者和1例健康对照组）的粪便样本进行分析。此外，采用液相色谱-质谱/质谱技术进行蛋白质组学和代谢组学分析。已观察到CRC患者肠道微生物群落的菌群失调现象，在所有分类水平上与健康对照组相比，菌群多样性有所增加。在功能水平上，细菌物种参与了许多不同的途径，其中新核苷酸合成和氨基酸途径在CRC患者中异常上调。CRC患者的蛋白质组学和代谢组学分析显示出不同的蛋白质和代谢物，与健康对照组相比，共有360个蛋白质和158个代谢物高度表达，折叠变化≥1.2。在高表达的蛋白质中包括转酮酸糖醇酶、含寿司结构域的蛋白质、硫化物喹啉氧化还原酶蛋白质、AAA家族ATP酶蛋白质、碳酸酐酶、IgG Fc结合蛋白质、核苷酸二磷酸激酶蛋白质、芳香磺酸酰化酶、碱性磷酸酶蛋白质、磷酸甘油酸激酶、蛋白激酶结构域蛋白质、非特异性丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶、酰基-CoA合成酶和EF-hand结构域蛋白质。一些差异代谢物，如牛磺酸、牛磺胆酸、7-酮脱氧胆汁酸、糖基降聚胆酸、糖基胆汁酸和牛磺降聚胆酸属于胆汁酸代谢物。一些细菌物种、蛋白质和代谢物可以作为CRC的诊断生物标志物。本研究通过使用多组学技术来阐明肠道微生物群落与CRC之间的关系。© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., 属于Springer Nature的一部分。

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a public health concern and the second most common disease worldwide. This is due to genetic coding and is influenced by environmental aspects, in which the gut microbiota plays a significant role. The purpose of this study was to compare the microbiota makeup of CRC patients with that of healthy control and to identify upregulated and downregulated proteins and metabolites in CRC patients. Using a next-generation sequencing approach, fecal samples of five females (4 CRC patients and one healthy control) were analyzed by BGI DNBSEQ-T7, Hong Kong, China. Furthermore, proteomics and metabolomics analysis were performed using LC-MS/MS technique.Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been observed in patients with CRC, with an increase in microbiota diversity at all taxonomic levels relative to healthy control. Where, at the functional level the bacterial species participate in many different pathways among them de novo nucleotide synthesis and amino acids pathways were aberrantly upregulated in CRC patients. Proteomics and metabolomics profiles of CRC patients showed different proteins and metabolites, a total of 360 and 158 proteins and metabolites, respectively were highly expressed compared to healthy control with fold change ≥ 1.2. Among the highly expressed proteins were transketolase, sushi domain-containing protein, sulfide quinone oxidoreductase protein, AAA family ATPase protein, carbonic anhydrase, IgG Fc-binding protein, nucleoside diphosphate kinase protein, arylsulfatase, alkaline phosphatase protein, phosphoglycerate kinase, protein kinase domain-containing protein, non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase, Acyl-CoA synthetase and EF-hand domain-containing protein. Some of the differential metabolites, Taurine, Taurocholic acid, 7-ketodeoxycholic acid, Glycochenodeoxycholic acid, Glycocholic acid, and Taurochenodeoxycholic acid that belong to bile acids metabolites.Some bacterial species, proteins, and metabolites could be used as diagnostic biomarkers for CRC. Our study paves an insight into using multi-omics technology to address the relationship between gut microbiota and CRC.© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.