吡咯蓝是由绿脓杆菌分泌的次生代谢产物。它是一种氧化还原活性的红蓝色菲嗪色素，具有多种有益应用。本研究旨在筛选埃及达哈利亚省的临床和环境绿脓杆菌分离株中的吡咯蓝产量。随后，针对产量最高的吡咯蓝产生菌株进行大规模生产、纯化、结构阐明和生物活性评估。从临床最高产吡咯蓝菌株（PsC05）和环境最高产吡咯蓝菌株（PsE02）中提取吡咯蓝，进行大规模生产，并使用硅胶柱进行纯化。通过薄层色谱法（TLC）、紫外-可见吸收光谱（UV-Vis）、1H核磁共振（NMR）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对吡咯蓝进行表征，以确认其结构和纯度。纯化的吡咯蓝对所有经过测试的食源性病原菌、多重耐药性/极耐药性临床分离细菌和白色念珠菌表现出显著的抗微生物效果。此外，它对强生物膜产生细菌病原体的生物膜形成和清除具有明显的影响。然而，它对白色念珠菌的抗生物膜活性有限。从PsC05提取的吡咯蓝具有较高的抗氧化和自由基清除能力，通过FRAP、DPPH和ABTS试验进行了测定，比起来自PsE02的吡咯蓝。同样，与PsE02相比，PsC05的吡咯蓝在测试的癌细胞株中，尤其是人乳腺癌（MCF-7）和结肠直肠癌（HCT-116）中具有更高的活性。更重要的是，它对正常细胞产生最小的细胞毒性。绿脓杆菌的临床和环境分离株分泌吡咯蓝色素的量不同。吡咯蓝表现出显著的抗菌和抗真菌活性，从而增强了其医学适用性。它可以用于抑制和/或清除医疗设备表面的生物膜，这是医院感染的主要来源。其抗氧化及对癌细胞系的细胞毒活性使其成为癌症治疗中的合成剂替代品的有前景的候选者。© 2023年, BioMed Central Ltd., Springer Nature的一部分。

Pyocyanin is a secondary metabolite secreted by P. aeruginosa. It is a redox-active blue/green phenazine pigment that has various beneficial applications. The present study aims at screening the production of pyocyanin among clinical and environmental P. aeruginosa isolates in Dakahlya governorate, Egypt. Thereafter, large-scale production, purification, structure elucidation, and assessment of the biological activity of the highest pyocyanin producers were targeted.Pyocyanin from the highest clinical (PsC05) and environmental (PsE02) producers were subjected to large-scale production, followed by purification using silica gel column. Pyocyanin was characterized using TLC, UV-Vis, 1 H NMR, and FTIR spectroscopy to confirm its structure and purity. Purified pyocyanin showed remarkable antimicrobial efficacy against all tested food-borne pathogens, MDR/XDR clinically isolated bacteria and C. albicans. Furthermore, it showed a substantial effect on biofilm inhibition and eradication of pre-formed biofilm against strong biofilm producing bacterial pathogens. However, it had limited antibiofilm activity against C. albicans. Pyocyanin from PsC05 had higher antioxidant and radicals scavenging activity than that from PsE02 as determined by FRAP, DPPH, and ABTS assays. Likewise, pyocyanin from PsC05 was more active against tested cancer cell lines, especially human Breast Cancer (MCF-7) and Colorectal Carcinoma (HCT-116), than that from PsE02. More importantly, it showed minimal cytotoxicity to normal cells.P. aeruginosa clinical and environmental isolates produce pyocyanin pigment in varying amounts. Pyocyanin exhibits substantial anti-bacterial, and anti-fungal activity; thus, enhancing its medical applicability. It could be used to inhibit and/or eradicate biofilm from the surfaces of medical devices which is a chief source of nosocomial infections. Its antioxidant along with cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines, make it a promising contender for use as a substitute for synthetic agents in cancer treatment.© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.