乳腺癌仍然是全球最常见的诊断出的癌症之一。尽管死亡率有所下降，但其发病率稳步增加。有很多证据表明，天然存在的植物化学物质可能成为预防和发展乳腺癌的更安全替代品。在本综述中，我们讨论了重要的植物化学物质，即辣椒素、α-香叶醇和二烯丙基三硫化物，这些化学物质已被证明具有对抗乳腺癌发展的化学预防和抗肿瘤性质。我们检查了它们的生物利用度、安全性以及对分子机制的调节的当前知识，包括它们诱导凋亡细胞死亡、促进细胞周期阻滞和抑制不同乳腺癌细胞系和体内模型中的细胞增殖能力的能力。本综述强调了这些天然存在的植物化学物质的重要性，并强调了它们有望成为乳腺癌发展防治中的治疗选择，前提是得到进一步的科学和临床验证。

Breast cancer continues to be one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers around the world. Despite the decrease in mortality, there has been a steady increase in its incidence. There is much evidence that naturally occurring phytochemicals could prove to be safer alternatives aimed at prevention and development of breast cancer. In the present review, we discuss important phytochemicals, namely capsaicin, alpha-santalol and diallyl trisulphide that are shown to have chemopreventive and anti-tumour properties against breast cancer development. We examined current knowledge of their bioavailability, safety and modulation of molecular mechanisms including their ability to induce apoptotic cell death, promote cell cycle arrest, and inhibit cellular proliferation in different breast cancer cell lines and in vivo models. This review emphasises the importance of these naturally occurring phytochemicals and their potential of becoming therapeutic options in the arsenal against breast cancer development provided further scientific and clinical validation.