组织器模型在发育与肿瘤生物学、组织修复、疾病和治疗的高级建模等领域中被用于解决重要问题，以及其他生物工程应用。这些三维微环境模型可以研究细胞代谢的调节，并揭示细胞生长、分化、通信、与环境和细胞死亡等机制的关键见解。基于三维空间和时间的异质性，组织器的可访问性与复杂性使其成为新型动态成像显微镜方法（如荧光寿命成像显微镜（FLIM）和相关衰减时间评估读数）的适用对象。多种生物标志物和测定方法已提出，用于通过FLIM研究各种组织器模型中的细胞代谢。在本文中，我们介绍了FLIM和PLIM的原则、仪器和数据采集与分析方案，以及一般和新兴基于生物传感器的方法，以突显在该领域中正在进行的开创性工作。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier B.V. 发布。

Organoid models have been used to address important questions in developmental and cancer biology, tissue repair, advanced modelling of disease and therapies, among other bioengineering applications. Such 3D microenvironmental models can investigate the regulation of cell metabolism, and provide key insights into the mechanisms at the basis of cell growth, differentiation, communication, interactions with the environment and cell death. Their accessibility and complexity, based on 3D spatial and temporal heterogeneity, make organoids suitable for the application of novel, dynamic imaging microscopy methods, such as fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) and related decay time-assessing readouts. Several biomarkers and assays have been proposed to study cell metabolism by FLIM in various organoid models. Herein, we present an expert-opinion discussion on the principles of FLIM and PLIM, instrumentation and data collection and analysis protocols, and general and emerging biosensor-based approaches, to highlight the pioneering work being performed in this field.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.