随着针对COVID-19传播的指导方针不断放宽，尤其是在医院环境中，像癌症患者这样的医疗易感人群可能与普通人群相比，在COVID-19病死率上承受着不同的负担。评估美国癌症患者与普通美国人口在不同流行病波中的COVID-19病死率。本横断面研究使用疾病控制和预防中心的WRONDER数据库的数据，研究了2020年3月1日至2022年5月31日美国癌症患者和普通人口的COVID-19病死率。统计了2021年至2022年冬天Omicron暴发期间由COVID-19导致的死亡人数，并使用死亡率比率与前一年COVID-19冬季暴发期间（当野生SARS-CoV-2变种占主导地位）的死亡人数进行比较。于2022年7月21日至8月31日期间进行数据分析。波及野生型变体的流行病波（2020年12月至2021年2月）、Delta变异体（2021年7月至2021年11月）或Omicron变异体（2021年12月至2022年2月）。每月COVID-19死亡人数。样本包括34,350名癌症患者（14,498名女性[42.2%]和19,852名男性[57.8%]）以及628,156名普通公众成员（276,878名女性[44.1%]和351,278名男性[55.9%]），在野生型（2020年12月至2021年2月）、Delta（2021年7月至2021年11月）和冬季Omicron（2021年12月至2022年2月）变异体占主导地位时死于COVID-19。在癌症患者中，每月COVID-19死亡人数最多的是在冬季Omicron期间（n = 5958）：在冬季Omicron期间的高峰期，死亡人数比野生型期间的高峰期增加了18%。相比之下，在普通公众中，每月COVID-19死亡人数最多的是在野生型期间（n = 105,327），在冬季Omicron期间的高峰期，COVID-19死亡人数比野生型期间的高峰期减少了21%。在根据癌症部位进行的亚组分析中，与野生型期间相比，冬季Omicron期间患淋巴瘤的患者的COVID-19病死率增加了38%。本横断面研究的结果表明，与美国普通人口相比，癌症患者在冬季Omicron流行波中承受着COVID-19病死率不均等的负担。随着新型免疫逃逸的SARS-CoV-2变异体的出现，其中许多预计对单克隆抗体治疗具有抵抗力，防止COVID-19传播的策略依然应该是优先考虑的。

With the ongoing relaxation of guidelines to prevent COVID-19 transmission, particularly in hospital settings, medically vulnerable groups, such as patients with cancer, may experience a disparate burden of COVID-19 mortality compared with the general population.To evaluate COVID-19 mortality among US patients with cancer compared with the general US population during different waves of the pandemic.This cross-sectional study used data from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database to examine COVID-19 mortality among US patients with cancer and the general population from March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2022. The number of deaths due to COVID-19 during the 2021 to 2022 winter Omicron surge was compared with deaths during the preceding year's COVID-19 winter surge (when the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 variant was predominant) using mortality ratios. Data were analyzed from July 21 through August 31, 2022.Pandemic wave during which the wild-type variant (December 2020 to February 2021), Delta variant (July 2021 to November 2021), or Omicron variant (December 2021 to February 2022) was predominant.Number of COVID-19 deaths per month.The sample included 34 350 patients with cancer (14 498 females [42.2%] and 19 852 males [57.8%]) and 628 156 members of the general public (276 878 females [44.1%] and 351 278 males [55.9%]) who died from COVID-19 when the wild-type (December 2020-February 2021), Delta (July 2021-November 2021), and winter Omicron (December 2021-February 2022) variants were predominant. Among patients with cancer, the greatest number of COVID-19 deaths per month occurred during the winter Omicron period (n = 5958): at the peak of the winter Omicron period, there were 18% more deaths compared with the peak of the wild-type period. In contrast, among the general public, the greatest number of COVID-19 deaths per month occurred during the wild-type period (n = 105 327), and at the peak of the winter Omicron period, there were 21% fewer COVID-19 deaths compared with the peak of the wild-type period. In subgroup analyses by cancer site, COVID-19 mortality increased the most, by 38%, among patients with lymphoma during the winter Omicron period vs the wild-type period.Findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that patients with cancer had a disparate burden of COVID-19 mortality during the winter Omicron wave compared with the general US population. With the emergence of new, immune-evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants, many of which are anticipated to be resistant to monoclonal antibody treatments, strategies to prevent COVID-19 transmission should remain a high priority.