子宫内膜异位症可定义为子宫腔外存在子宫内膜。它影响大约10%的生育年龄妇女，导致不孕、慢性疼痛和生活质量下降。自该病的识别以来，已提出了各种发病机制，如逆行经血、腔动上皮异型、激素失衡、干细胞参与和表观遗传调控的改变。然而，子宫内膜异位症的潜在发病机制仍未充分理解。详细阐明子宫内膜异位症的发展和进展的精确机制对于有效治疗至关重要。本综述介绍了基于当前研究的子宫内膜异位症发病学理论的主要观点，重点关注子宮因素的潜在作用。版权所有©2023年，国际抗癌研究学会（乔治J.德里纳西奥斯博士），保留所有权利。

Endometriosis can be defined as the presence of the endometrium outside the uterine cavity. It affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age and causes infertility, chronic pain, and deterioration of the quality of life. Since the identification of the disease, various pathogenetic mechanisms have been proposed, such as retrograde menstruation, coelomic metaplasia, hormonal imbalance, stem cell involvement, and alterations in epigenetic regulation. However, the underlying pathogenesis of endometriosis remains inadequately understood. Elucidation of the precise mechanism of the development and progression of endometriosis is crucial for effective treatment. This review presents the major pathogenetic theories of endometriosis based on current research studies with a major focus on the potential role of uterine factors.Copyright © 2023, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.