男同志（MSM）在性传播感染方面面临很高的风险，其中HPV感染尤为突出。我们利用MémoDépistages研究来评估HIV阴性多伴侣男同志肛门和口咽部的HPV分布情况。从421名参与者中取得的自采样肛门和口咽部样本中，82%的肛门样本（n=344）和11%的口咽部样本（n=45）均检测到HPV DNA。在肛门样本中，70%的样本中检测到多种HPV类型，而在口咽部样本中，91%的样本中只检测到一种HPV类型。在肛门中，HPV16是最常见的类型，其次是HPV6、HPV51和HPV52。在口咽部中，HPV6、HPV16和HPV11是最常见的类型。在HPV阳性的肛门和口咽部样本中，分别检测到了目前九价HPV疫苗所针对的HPV类型，占比分别为71%和50%。与HPV检测相关的主要风险因素包括经常光顾同性恋聚会场所、居住在大城市以及肛门沙眼衣原体/淋病奈瑟菌感染。在这个高度性活跃的HIV阴性男同志群体中，HPV检测非常频繁，使其面临高风险的癌前病变和癌症病灶。在这个高度脆弱的HIV阴性男同志人群中，HPV相关癌症的普遍疫苗接种是一个重要的公共卫生策略，可以在其性行为开始之前预防HPV相关癌症的发生。© 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of sexually transmitted infections, among which HPV infections are particularly prominent. We took advantage of the MémoDépistages study to evaluate HPV distribution at anal and oropharyngeal sites in HIV-negative multipartner MSM. HPV DNA was detected in 82% (n = 344) of anal and 11% (n = 45) of oropharyngeal self-collected samples taken from 421 participants. Multiple HPV types were detected in 70% of anal samples, and single HPV types in 91% of oropharyngeal samples. HPV16 was the most frequent type detected in the anus, followed by HPV6, HPV51, and HPV52. HPV6, HPV16, and HPV11 were the most prevalent types in the oropharynx. HPV targeted by the nonavalent vaccine was detected in 71% and 50% of HPV-positive anal and oropharyngeal samples, respectively. The main risk factor associated with HPV detection was frequenting gay meeting places, living in large cities, and having an anal Chlamydia trachomatis/Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection. In this cohort of highly sexually active MSM, HPV detection was highly frequent and rendered them at high risk of precancerous and cancerous lesions. Universal vaccination against HPV before sexual debut is an important public health strategy to prevent HPV-associated cancers in this highly vulnerable population of HIV-negative MSM.© 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.