本研究调查了被诊断为糖尿病前期和糖尿病的女性患者中，发展和死于各种癌症的风险，以及与癌症相关的死亡率。我们包括了2009年至2014年进行癌症筛查并进行至2020年的随访的年龄≥40岁的女性。糖尿病的状态是根据空腹血糖水平、自述糖尿病史和抗糖尿病药物的使用来确定的。通过计算调整后的危险比（aHR），我们确定了糖尿病前期和糖尿病组与正常血糖组相比，在癌症和死亡方面的风险。该研究共纳入了8,309,393名参与者，平均年龄为52.7 ± 9.7岁。在这些参与者中，发现了522,894例癌症病例和193,283例死亡案例。在糖尿病前期组（aHR为1.03，95％CI为1.02-1.04）和糖尿病组（aHR为1.13，95％CI为1.12-1.14）中观察到了癌症风险的增加。在那些发展为肝癌（aHR为1.72，95％CI为1.66-1.79）、胰腺癌（aHR为1.68，95％CI为1.60-1.76）和胆囊癌（aHR为1.43，95％CI为1.36-1.51）的糖尿病患者中，风险最高。糖尿病前期和糖尿病女性的癌症死亡风险分别增加了1.07倍（95％CI为1.05-1.08）和1.38倍（95％CI为1.36-1.41）。韩国中年妇女患有糖尿病前期和糖尿病都与癌症的风险增加以及癌症死亡的风险增加相关，但风险程度因癌症的具体部位而异。

This study investigated the risk of developing and dying from all types of cancer, as well as cancer-specific mortality, in women diagnosed with prediabetes and diabetes.We included women aged ≥40 years who underwent cancer screening from 2009 to 2014 with follow-up until 2020. Diabetes status was determined based on fasting plasma glucose levels, self-reported history of diabetes, and the use of antidiabetic medication. We quantified the risk of cancer and mortality in the prediabetes and diabetes groups, relative to the normoglycemia group, by calculating adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs).The study included 8,309,393 participants with a mean age of 52.7±9.7 years. Among these participants, 522,894 cases of cancer and 193,283 deaths were detected. An increased risk of cancer was observed in both the prediabetes group (aHR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.04) and the diabetes group (aHR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.12-1.14). The highest risk was identified in those with diabetes who developed liver (aHR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.66-1.79), pancreatic (aHR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.60-1.76), and gallbladder cancer (aHR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.36-1.51). Women with prediabetes and diabetes exhibited a 1.07-fold (95% CI, 1.05-1.08) and 1.38-fold (95% CI, 1.36-1.41) increased risk of death from cancer, respectively.Both prediabetes and diabetes were associated with an elevated risk of cancer, as well as an increased risk of death from cancer, in middle-aged Korean women. However, the degree of risk varied depending on the specific site of the cancer.