迅速增长的肺部病变，特别是在免疫受损患者中，引起对感染性病因的考虑。例如，真菌球病可以呈现为圆形结节，软组织密度，通常伴有空洞，并且18F-FDG摄取度有所不同。相比之下，巨细胞病毒也可能表现出18F-FDG摄取，但通常表现为地玻璃样浸润，对称分布的小型肺结节或融合性阴影，偏好于下叶。我们描述了一位接受淋巴瘤治疗的患者出现了一个单个逐渐增大的FDG亲和性肺结节，经切除确定为局限性巨细胞病毒感染，这是该病原体的一个明显不常见的表现，更典型于真菌或分枝杆菌病。版权所有©2023 Wolters Kluwer Health，Inc. 保留所有权利。

Rapidly growing lung lesions, particularly in immunocompromised patients, invoke consideration of an infectious etiology. Aspergillomas, for example, can appear as round nodules with soft tissue attenuation, often associated with cavitation, and are variably 18F-FDG avid. In contrast, cytomegalovirus, which may also evidence 18F-FDG uptake, typically manifests as ground-glass opacities, symmetrically distributed small pulmonary nodules, or confluent consolidations, with lower lobe predilection. We describe a patient treated for lymphoma presenting with a solitary enlarging FDG-avid lung nodule, which was determined on resection to be focal cytomegalovirus infection, a distinctly uncommon presentation of this pathogen, more typical of fungal or mycobacterial disease.Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.