细胞发育、分化和凋亡，转化生长因子（TGF）这一细胞因子在乳腺癌中起到了至关重要的作用。TGF-β的失调会促进或抑制肿瘤的发展，它是乳腺癌扩散中的一个关键信号通路。最近发现的一类非编码RNA家族被称为长链非编码RNA（lncRNA），在许多细胞过程中起到了重要的调控作用，包括基因转录、染色质重塑、细胞周期进展和转录后加工。此外，TGF-β信号通路和lncRNA都作为乳腺癌诊断和预后的重要早期生物标志物，并在乳腺癌药物抵抗中发挥了重要作用。根据最近的研究，lncRNA可以通过调节TGF-β的辅因子在乳腺癌中调控TGF-β。然而，lncRNA和TGF-β信号通路在控制乳腺癌进展中的具体功能尚不明确。本综述探讨了lncRNA在调节基因中的肿瘤抑制基因和致癌基因方面的功能特性，着重关注失调的TGF-β信号通路。此外，我们强调了lncRNA和TGF-β通路在乳腺癌进展中的功能角色，以发现新的治疗策略并更好地理解基本的细胞通路。Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The cytokine known as transforming growth factor (TGF) is essential for cell development, differentiation, and apoptosis in BC. TGF-β dysregulation can either promote or inhibit tumor development, and it is a key signaling pathway in BC spread. A recently identified family of ncRNAs known as lncRNAs has received a great deal of effort and is an important regulator of many cellular processes, including transcription of genes, chromatin remodeling, progression of the cell cycle, and posttranscriptional processing. Furthermore, both TGF-β signaling and lncRNAs serve as important early-stage biomarkers for BC diagnosis and prognosis and also play a significant role in BC drug resistance. According to recent studies, lncRNAs can regulate TGF-β by modulating its cofactors in BC. However, the particular functions of lncRNAs and the TGF-β pathway in controlling BC progression are not well understood yet. This review explores the lncRNAs' functional properties in BC as tumor suppressors or oncogenes in the regulation of genes, with a focus on dysregulated TGF-β signaling. Further, we emphasize the functional roles of lncRNAs and TGF-β pathway in the progression of BC to discover new treatment strategies and better comprehend the fundamental cellular pathways.Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.