本研究旨在验证日本北陸地区肺癌患者的流行病学、初期治疗和临床实践。我们回顾性调查了2016年至2017年期间在北陸地区22个主要医院癌症登记部门注册的5503名新诊断和登记的肺癌患者的数据，这些数据与注册患者的医疗保险索赔数据相关联。患者由3677名男性（占66.8%）和1826名女性（占33.2%）组成，平均（范围）年龄为72.2（27-103）岁。诊断结果包括小细胞肺癌（n=512，9.4%）、鳞状细胞癌（n=1083，19.7%）和非鳞非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC；n=3906，70.9%）。富山县I期疾病的人口比例（41.1%）较其他三个县要小，造成了初期手术治疗选择减少和IV期疾病发生频率增加（33.2%）以及最佳支持性护理（18.6%）。IV期非鳞非小细胞肺癌的初期化疗包括EGFR阳性和ALK阳性非鳞非小细胞肺癌分别占39.3%和4%的患者接受酪氨酸激酶抑制剂，随后为铂类化合物（25.9%）、非铂类化合物（12.9%）和免疫检查点抑制剂（10.2%）。卡铂是常规用于年龄小于75岁的患者的一线细胞毒化疗药物（占65.4%），对于年龄大于75岁的患者则为96.7%。本研究揭示了日本北陸地区四个县肺癌的流行病学和治疗现状的实际数据。同时分析全国范围的登记和保险数据可为肺癌筛查和医疗治疗策略的制定提供有价值的见解。此外，与其他病变或国家的对比数据分析将有助于评估癌症管理的临床实践差异。© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.

This study was performed to validate the epidemiology, initial treatment, and clinical practice of lung cancer patients in the Hokushin region, Japan.We retrospectively surveyed data of 5503 newly diagnosed and registered lung cancer patients in 22 principal hospital-based cancer registries in Hokushin region linked with health insurance claims data for registered patients between 2016 and 2017.The patients consisted of 3677 (66.8%) men and 1826 (33.2%) women with a mean (range) age of 72.2 (27-103) years). Diagnoses were small cell lung cancer (n = 512, 9.4%), squamous cell carcinoma (n = 1083, 19.7%), and non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; n = 3906, 70.9%). The population with stage I disease in Toyama prefecture (41.1%) was smaller than in the other three prefectures associated with reduced selection of initial surgical therapy and increased frequencies of stage IV disease (33.2%) and best supportive care (18.6%). Initial chemotherapy for stage IV non-squamous NSCLC consisted of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in 39.3% of cases for EGFR and 4% of cases for ALK-positive non-squamous NSCLC, followed by platinum compounds (25.9%) non-platinum compounds (12.9%), and immune checkpoint inhibitors (10.2%). Carboplatin was the commonly prescribed first-line cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent (65.4% of patients under 75 years and in 96.7% of patients over 75 years).This study revealed real-world data on epidemiological and treatment status in lung cancer in four prefectures in Hokushin region, Japan. Simultaneous analysis of nationwide registry and insurance data could provide valuable insights for the development of lung cancer screening and medical treatment strategies. In addition, the comparative data analysis with other lesions or countries will be useful for evaluating the differences in clinical practice of cancer managements.© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.