癌症治疗可能引起食物限制性饮食问题，这些问题在治疗后几个月或几年内持续存在或出现，对幸存者的营养状况、身体和社交功能以及生活质量产生负面影响。因此，术后随访和癌症康复服务应该旨在支持幸存者处理与治疗相关的饮食问题。本综述回顾总结了有关癌症后管理饮食问题的证据，并提供了干预措施的概述。干预措施分为四类：1）基于食物的干预，包括食物/液体交替和试错策略以找到可耐受的食物；2）饮食行为干预，包括关于吞咽技巧、姿势和餐具的指导；3）心理社会支持干预，包括基于群体的干预和涉及亲属的干预；和4）物理干预，包括改善吞咽困难或口咽抽搐的锻炼。尽管有几项干预研究支持物理干预的有效性，但鲜有研究评估其他类型干预对幸存者的影响。相反，定性和观察数据揭示幸存者在处理饮食问题方面的经验和应用的应对策略，这便证实了其他类型干预的必要性。由于现有研究主要集中在头颈癌幸存者上，未来关于针对不同幸存者群体管理饮食问题的干预措施的组织与效果的研究具有相关性。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。

Cancer treatment can cause food-limiting eating problems that persist or arise months or years after treatment, with negative consequences for the survivor's nutritional status, physical and social function, and quality of life. Hence, post-treatment follow-up and cancer rehabilitation services should aim to support the survivor in managing treatment-related eating problems. This narrative review summarizes the evidence on and provides an overview of interventions to manage eating problems after cancer. Interventions are grouped into four: 1) food-based interventions, including alternating food/fluids and experimenting through the trial-and-error strategy to find tolerated foods; 2) eating behavioral interventions, including instructions on swallowing techniques, posture, and utensils; 3) psychosocial support interventions, including group-based interventions and interventions including relatives; and 4) physical interventions, including exercises to improve dysphagia or trismus. While physical interventions are supported by evidence from several intervention studies, few studies evaluating the effect of other types of interventions in survivors were identified. Instead, qualitative and observational data providing insights on experiences of and coping strategies applied by survivors with eating problems underpin the need for the other types of interventions. Since existing research primarily focuses on survivors of head and neck cancer, future studies on the organization and effects of interventions aimed at managing eating problems among different groups of survivors are relevant.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.