肿瘤学领域的最新进展涉及多功能纳米结构的创造。纳米颗粒在癌症治疗领域的整合带来了革命性的改变，彻底改变了解决肿瘤消除中存在的挑战和限制的方法。这在对抗抵抗性出现方面尤为重要，这显著削弱了化疗和放疗等治疗的效果。GO是一种来源于碳的纳米颗粒，正在日益广泛应用于不同领域，尤其是生物医学领域。利用GO纳米结构在肿瘤学领域具有潜力，能够精确地将药物和遗传物质输送到靶向的部位。GO纳米材料可以增强药物的药物动力学行为和生物利用度，已有文献报道这些纳米载体在肿瘤部位提高了药物积累的实例。GO纳米结构可以封装基因，保护其不受降解并促进其在癌细胞内的摄取，从而促进高效基因沉默。GO促进光疗的能力在减少肿瘤进展方面取得了显著进展。通过光动力疗法和光热疗法的结合，GO纳米材料具有减少肿瘤发生的能力。GO纳米材料具有触发细胞免疫和固有免疫的潜力，使其成为疫苗开发中有希望的竞争者。此外，对特定刺激有反应的GO纳米颗粒已应用于癌症消除、癌症检测和生物标志物诊断。内吞作用是GO纳米材料内部化的机制。鉴于这些优势，高度建议利用GO纳米材料进行肿瘤消除。版权所有 © 2023。由Elsevier Inc.出版。

The latest advancements in oncology involves the creation of multifunctional nanostructures. The integration of nanoparticles into the realm of cancer therapy has brought about a transformative shift, revolutionizing the approach to addressing existing challenges and limitations in tumor elimination. This is particularly crucial in combating the emergence of resistance, which has significantly undermined the effectiveness of treatments like chemotherapy and radiotherapy. GO stands as a carbon-derived nanoparticle that is increasingly finding utility across diverse domains, notably in the realm of biomedicine. The utilization of GO nanostructures holds promise in the arena of oncology, enabling precise transportation of drugs and genetic material to targeted sites. GO nanomaterials offer the opportunity to enhance the pharmacokinetic behavior and bioavailability of drugs, with documented instances of these nanocarriers elevating drug accumulation at the tumor location. The GO nanostructures encapsulate genes, shielding them from degradation and facilitating their uptake within cancer cells, thereby promoting efficient gene silencing. The capability of GO to facilitate phototherapy has led to notable advancements in reducing tumor progression. By PDT and PTT combination, GO nanomaterials hold the capacity to diminish tumorigenesis. GO nanomaterials have the potential to trigger both cellular and innate immunity, making them promising contenders for vaccine development. Additionally, types of GO nanoparticles that respond to specific stimuli have been applied in cancer eradication, as well as for the purpose of cancer detection and biomarker diagnosis. Endocytosis serves as the mechanism through which GO nanomaterials are internalized. Given these advantages, the utilization of GO nanomaterials for tumor elimination comes highly recommended.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.