本研究旨在探讨与高危涎腺癌（SGC）患者的特定亚组相比，术后化疗放疗（POCRT）的使用是否与更好的肿瘤学结果相关，与术后放射疗法（PORT）单独相比。该多中心回顾性研究共纳入了2000年至2015年间接受PORT（n = 263）或POCRT（n = 148）的411位经手术切除的SGC患者。使用Kaplan-Meier分析和Cox比例风险回归模型检查了临床参数与结果的可能相关性。幸存者的中位随访时间为10.9年。对于整个队列来说，将同步化疗添加到PORT并没有与OS、PFS或LRC的改善相关。然而，接受POCRT的淋巴结转移患者的10年生存率（46.2% vs 18.2%，P=0.009）和无进展生存率（38.7% vs 10.0%，P=0.009）均显著高于仅接受PORT的患者。术后肉眼残留肿瘤（R2切除）的存在被确定为不良OS（P=0.032）、PFS（P=0.001）和LRC（P=0.007）的独立预测因子。重要的是，对于R2切除（74.2% vs 40.7%，P=0.032）或腺样囊性癌（AdCC）（97.6% vs 83.6%，P=0.036）的患者，POCRT与显著较高的10年LRC率显著相关。多变量分析表明，对于淋巴结阳性患者，POCRT的使用显著预测了较好的OS（P=0.037）和PFS（P=0.013），并对于R2切除（P=0.041）或AdCC（P=0.005）的患者，POCRT对LRC也有预测意义。对于经手术切除的SGC患者，POCRT与淋巴结转移患者的长期生存率和无进展生存率改善以及R2切除或AdCC患者的较好局部控制率相关。版权所有 © 2023. Elsevier B.V.出版。

The aim of this study was to interrogate if the use of postoperative chemoradiotherapy (POCRT) correlated with superior oncological outcomes for certain subgroups of patients with high-risk salivary gland carcinoma (SGC), compared with postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) alone.This multicenter retrospective study included 411 patients with surgically resected SGC who underwent PORT (n = 263) or POCRT (n = 148) between 2000 and 2015. Possible correlations of clinical parameters with outcomes were examined using the Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional-hazards regression model.The median follow-up of survivors is 10.9 years. For the entire cohort, adding concurrent chemotherapy to PORT was not associated with OS, PFS, or LRC improvement. However, patients with nodal metastasis who underwent POCRT had significantly higher 10-year OS (46.2% vs. 18.2%, P=0.009) and PFS (38.7% vs. 10.0%, P=0.009) rates than those treated with PORT alone. The presence of postoperative macroscopic residual tumor (R2 resection) was identified as an independent prognosticator for inferior OS (P=0.032), PFS (P=0.001), and LRC (P=0.007). Importantly, POCRT significantly correlated with higher 10-year LRC rates in patients with R2 resection (74.2% vs. 40.7%, P=0.032) or adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC, 97.6% vs. 83.6%, P=0.036). On multivariate analyses, the use of POCRT significantly predicted superior OS (P=0.037) and PFS (P=0.013) for node-positive patients and LRC for patients with R2 resection (P=0.041) or AdCC (P=0.005).For surgically resected SGC, POCRT was associated with improved long-term OS and PFS for patients with nodal metastasis and superior LRC for patients with R2 resection or AdCC.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.