精子生成是精子形成过程的关键部分，受到原始生殖细胞、精原干细胞和索氏细胞等关键细胞的调控。异常的精子生成可能导致无精症、睾丸肿瘤和与男性不育有关的其他疾病。单细胞RNA测序（scRNA-seq）技术在男性生殖方面的应用逐渐增加，因其对深入挖掘和分析的独特洞察力。数据涵盖了新生儿期、先青春期、青春期和成年期的不同阶段。还涵盖了不可逆性阻塞性无精症（NOA）、库欣菲尔特综合征（KS）、仅有索氏细胞综合征（SCOS）和睾丸肿瘤等不同类型的男性不育疾病。我们简要回顾了scRNA-seq的原理和应用，并总结了在不同时期和病理状态下精子生成中的研究结果和应用方向。此外，我们还讨论了将这种技术应用于男性生殖中的挑战以及与其他技术结合的前景。© 2023. 作者在Springer Science+Business Media, LLC的独家许可下，Springer Nature的一部分。

Spermatogenesis, a key part of the spermiation process, is regulated by a combination of key cells, such as primordial germ cells, spermatogonial stem cells, and somatic cells, such as Sertoli cells. Abnormal spermatogenesis can lead to azoospermia, testicular tumors, and other diseases related to male infertility. The application of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology in male reproduction is gradually increasing with its unique insight into deep mining and analysis. The data cover different periods of neonatal, prepubertal, pubertal, and adult stages. Different types of male infertility diseases including obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA), Klinefelter Syndrome (KS), Sertoli Cell Only Syndrome (SCOS), and testicular tumors are also covered. We briefly review the principles and application of scRNA-seq and summarize the research results and application directions in spermatogenesis in different periods and pathological states. Moreover, we discuss the challenges of applying this technology in male reproduction and the prospects of combining it with other technologies.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.