鸟蓝(学名：Isatis indigotica Fortune)是一种具有重要经济价值的植物物种，含有木脂素类化合物。其根部在治疗病毒方面发挥重要作用，并表现出抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗菌等生物活性。目前，鸟蓝已被归类为菘蓝(Isatis tinctoria Linnaeus)的一种。本研究通过代谢组学和转录组学分析，对二倍体鸟蓝、四倍体鸟蓝和菘蓝的根部进行了研究。代谢组学分析检测到48种木脂素代谢产物，包括赭辉苷A、钟乳木酚A、云杉木酚、牛蒡甾醇、五襄甙B和芝麻素等特征化合物，其余代谢产物无显著变化。转录组学分析鉴定出41个表达差异的苯丙烯酸合成酶基因，并进一步分析了不同样本中木脂素转录组谱的变化。RT-qPCR分析还揭示了与木脂素生物合成途径相关的差异表达基因在三个样本组之间的差异。转录因子的分析显示，AP2-EREBP家族(Iin24319)、MYB家族(Iin24843)和WRKY家族(Iin08158)的表达模式与Iin14549相似。系统发育分析还表明，Iin14549可能在木脂素合成中发挥作用。这些转录因子家族在四倍体鸟蓝中高表达，在二倍体鸟蓝中中等表达，在菘蓝中低表达。本研究的发现可为改良鸟蓝的质量和培育高木脂素含量的种质资源提供参考。此外，这些结果为木脂素生物合成途径中的葡糖基转移酶的功能鉴定打下了基础。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier B.V. 发表。

Isatis indigotica Fortune is a plant species containing lignan compounds of significant economic value. Its root plays a crucial role in treating viruses and exhibits antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and other biological activities. Now, I. indigotica has been included in Isatis tinctoria Linnaeus. In this study, the roots of diploid I. indigotica, tetraploid I. indigotica, and Isatis tinctoria Linnaeus were analyzed using metabolome and transcriptome analysis. The metabolomic analysis detected 48 lignan metabolites, including Lirioresinol A, Vladinol A, Syringaresinol, Arctigenin, Acanthoside B, and Sesamin as characteristic compounds, without significant variations among the remaining metabolites. The transcriptomic analysis identified 41 differentially expressed phenylpropanoid synthase genes, which were further analyzed for variations in lignan transcriptome profiles across different samples. RT-qPCR analysis also revealed differential genes expression related to lignan biosynthesis pathway among the three sample groups. The analysis of transcription factors showed that the AP2-EREBP family (Iin24319), MYB family (Iin24843), and WRKY family (Iin08158) displayed expression patterns similar to Iin14549. Phylogenetic analyses also indicate that Iin14549 may play a role in lignan synthesis. These transcription factor families exhibited high expression in tetraploid I. indigotica, moderate expression in diploid I. indigotica, and low expression in I. tinctoria. The findings of this study can serve as a reference for improving the quality of I. indigotica and developing germplasms with high lignan content. Additionally, these results lay a foundation for the functional characterization of UGTs in lignan biosynthesis pathway.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.