肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAMs）是肝细胞癌免疫细胞基质中至关重要的组成部分。TAMs来源于单核性髓源性抑制细胞、外周血单核细胞和库普弗细胞。多种因素促进单核细胞向HCC肿瘤微环境中的募集，使其分化为具有独特表型的TAMs。TAMs能够通过产生细胞因子和细胞外囊泡而直接激活或抑制核因子-κB、白细胞介素-6/信号转导和转录激活因子3、Wnt/β-连环蛋白、转化生长因子-β1/骨形成蛋白和细胞外信号调节激酶1/2信号传导通路，并与其他免疫细胞相互作用，从而影响癌细胞的增殖、侵袭和迁移、血管生成、肝纤维化进展以及肿瘤进程不同阶段。近年来，TAMs作为HCC的潜在治疗靶点受到了广泛关注。本综述描述了TAMs的起源和特征以及其在HCC发生和发展中的作用机制，为进一步的TAMs临床研究提供理论基础。版权所有 © 2023 郑州大学，五月数据技术有限公司。

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are essential components of the immune cell stroma of hepatocellular carcinoma. TAMs originate from monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells, peripheral blood monocytes, and kupffer cells. The recruitment of monocytes to the HCC tumor microenvironment is facilitated by various factors, leading to their differentiation into TAMs with unique phenotypes. TAMs can directly activate or inhibit the nuclear factor-κB, interleukin-6/signal transducer and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor-β1/bone morphogenetic protein, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathways in tumor cells and interact with other immune cells via producing cytokines and extracellular vesicles, thus affecting carcinoma cell proliferation, invasive and migratory, angiogenesis, liver fibrosis progression, and other processes to participate in different stages of tumor progression. In recent years, TAMs have received much attention as a prospective treatment target for HCC. This review describes the origin and characteristics of TAMs and their mechanism of action in the occurrence and development of HCC to offer a theoretical foundation for further clinical research of TAMs.Copyright © 2023 Yuan, Wu, Li, Huang, Zhao, Gao, Zhuang, Cui, Zheng and Tang.