肺透明细胞肉芽肿（PHG）是一种非典型的良性肺部疾病，其症状不具有特异性且进展缓慢，以孤立或多发的纤维化结节为特征。PHG的确诊通常需要广泛的切除活检。已经有报道描述了PHG与淋巴增生性疾病，如Castleman病和淋巴瘤的关联。PHG被认为是这些疾病的副肿瘤表现。大多数情况下，治疗包括治疗基础疾病，可有或无经验性皮质类固醇治疗。我们报道了一例57岁的白种女性病例，最初表现为呼吸困难、疲劳、口干、吞咽困难、盗汗、体重减轻和反复鼻窦炎。体格检查显示肝脾肿大伴全身淋巴结肿大。胸部计算机断层扫描显示肺实质中直径约10mm的双侧弥漫性结节性变化。对一个淋巴结进行针刺活检证实了非霍奇金淋巴瘤的诊断，并开始化疗。由于肺实质病变进展，并且无法根据经支气管活检做出明确诊断，进行了右侧视频辅助胸腔镜下的不典型切除术。结果与肺透明细胞肉芽肿的诊断一致。由于肺功能保持良好，没有开始皮质类固醇治疗的指征。本病例报告的目的是引起注意，当肺部观察到多发结节性病变时，应考虑肺透明细胞肉芽肿作为鉴别诊断。虽然PHG是一种罕见的疾病，但由于其与基础疾病的频繁关联和非特异性表现，应进行仔细调查。要做出明确诊断，需要进行手术活检。版权所有 © 2023, Trepić等人。

Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma (PHG) is an unusual benign pulmonary disease with nonspecific symptoms and slow progression, characterized by solitary or multiple fibrosing nodules. A definitive diagnosis of PHG usually requires a wide excisional biopsy. Associations of PHG with lymphoproliferative disorders, such as Castleman's disease and lymphoma, have been described. PHG is considered a paraneoplastic manifestation of those diseases. Treatment in most cases comprises therapy of the underlying condition with or without the use of empirical corticosteroid therapy. We report a case of a 57-year-old Caucasian female, who presented initially with dyspnea, fatigue, dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, night sweats, weight loss, and recurrent sinusitis. A physical examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly with generalized lymphadenomegaly. Chest computed tomography showed bilateral diffuse nodular changes about 10 mm in diameter in the lung parenchyma. A needle biopsy of a lymph node confirmed the diagnosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chemotherapy was started. Since the parenchymal lung lesions progressed and no definite diagnosis could be made on the basis of transbronchial biopsy, a right-sided video-assisted thoracoscopy with atypical resection of the abnormalities was performed. The findings were consistent with a diagnosis of pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma. Due to preserved pulmonary function, there was no indication for starting corticosteroid therapy. The purpose of this case report is to draw attention to the possibility of pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma as a differential diagnosis when multiple nodular lesions are observed in the lungs. Although PHG is a rare entity, due to its frequent association with underlying diseases and nonspecific presentation, a careful investigation should be performed. For a definite diagnosis, a surgical biopsy is required.Copyright © 2023, Trepić et al.