Kaposi肉瘤相关疱疹病毒（KSHV）是导致Kaposi肉瘤和其他肿瘤及大量增殖性疾病的病原体，主要发生在人类免疫缺陷病毒感染和其他免疫功能减弱的人群中。越来越多的证据表明，缺氧和缺氧诱导因子（HIFs）在KSHV生物学和KSHV诱导疾病的发病机制中起重要作用。缺氧和HIFs可以诱导KSHV的溶状活化，并且KSHV反过来可以导致感染细胞产生类似缺氧状态。在本综述中，我们描述了KSHV生物学、细胞对缺氧的反应以及KSHV诱导疾病的发病机制之间的复杂相互作用。我们还描述了如何干扰HIFs可以降低肿瘤生长和/或感染细胞和KSHV诱导肿瘤的死亡。最后，我们展示了这些观察结果如何可能引发治疗KSHV诱导疾病的新策略。发表于2023年。本文为美国政府作品，属于公共领域。

Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the causative agent of Kaposi sarcoma and several other tumors and hyperproliferative diseases seen predominantly in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and other immunocompromised persons. There is an increasing body of evidence showing that hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play important roles in the biology of KSHV and in the pathogenesis of KSHV-induced diseases. Hypoxia and HIFs can induce lytic activation of KSHV and KSHV can in turn lead to a hypoxic-like state in infected cells. In this review, we describe the complex interactions between KSHV biology, the cellular responses to hypoxia, and the pathogenesis of KSHV-induced diseases. We also describe how interference with HIFs can lead to decreased tumor growth and/or death of infected cells and KSHV-induced tumors. Finally, we show how these observations may lead to novel strategies for the treatment of KSHV-induced diseases.Published 2023. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.