手术期间同一次住院后非计划重手术率被认为是评估医疗质量最重要的指标之一。本研究的目的是确定内窥镜经内镜鼻窦入路（EEA）后非计划重手术的发生率及其相关风险因素。纳入了2016年1月至2021年12月在空军军医大学唐都医院神经外科进行择期内窥镜经内镜鼻窦手术的所有患者。我们确定了接受非计划重手术和未接受的患者，并将其分为两组。通过单因素和多因素 logistic 回归分析比较了两组之间的人口数据和风险因素。在1783例行EEA治疗各类颅底病变患者中，非计划重手术的发生率为2.3%。最常见的非计划重手术包括脑脊液（CSF）漏修复（39%）、鞍区血肿清除术（34.1%）、鼻出血止血（14.6%）和阻塞性脑积水外脑室引流（9.8%）。瘤体最大直径≥3 cm（OR 2.654，CI 1.236-5.698；p = 0.012）、脑膜瘤（OR 4.198，CI 1.169-15.072；p = 0.028）、颅咽管瘤（OR 5.020，CI 2.020-12.476；p = 0.001）和其他鞍区病变（OR 4.336，CI 1.390-13.527；p = 0.012）以及手术时间≥240分钟（OR 2.299，CI 1.170-4.518；p = 0.016）在多因素回归分析中是非计划重手术的独立风险因素。在接受非计划重手术的41名患者中，16名患者死亡，21名患者患有全下垂体功能减退症，13名患者短暂性糖尿病，6名患者持续性糖尿病，11名患者出现颅内感染，其中6名患者痊愈。通过回顾我们科室的数据，我们提出了非计划重手术的发生率和风险因素。医院管理和神经外科医生应更加重视这些指标。此外，我们建议一些有效的质量改进措施以降低非计划重手术的发生率。© 2023. 作者，独家授权给Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany，Springer Nature部分。

The incidence of unplanned reoperation after surgery during the same hospitalization is considered one of most important evaluation indicators for health care quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors related to unplanned reoperation after an endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA). All patients who underwent elective endoscopic endonasal surgery from January 2016 to December 2021 in the Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, were included. We identified the patients who underwent an unplanned reoperation and those who did not and divided them into two groups. The demographic data and risk factors were compared between the groups by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Of the 1783 patients undergoing EEA for various lesions of the skull base, the incidence of unplanned reoperation was 2.3%. The most common unplanned reoperations were repair of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage (39%), sellar hematoma evacuation (34.1%), hemostasis of epistaxis (14.6%) and external ventricular drainage for obstructive hydrocephalus (9.8%). The maximum diameter of tumor ≥ 3 cm (OR 2.654, CI 1.236-5.698; p = 0.012), meningioma (OR 4.198, CI 1.169-15.072; p = 0.028), craniopharyngioma (OR 5.020, CI 2.020-12.476; p = 0.001) and other sellar lesions (OR 4.336, CI 1.390-13.527; p = 0.012) and an operation time ≥ 240 min (OR 2.299, CI 1.170-4.518; p = 0.016) were the independent risk factors for unplanned reoperations in multivariate regression analysis. Of the 41 patients undergoing unplanned reoperation, 16 patients died, twenty-one patients had panhypopituitarism, 13 patients had transient and 6 had permanent diabetes insipidus, and 11 patients presented with intracranial infection and 6 of these patients were cured. By reviewing our department's data, we stated the incidence and risk factors for unplanned reoperation. It is important for the hospital administration and neurosurgeons to place more emphasis on these indicators. Furthermore, we suggest some effective quality improvement initiatives to reduce the incidence of unplanned reoperation.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.