面对慢性数字损伤时，需进行骨髓炎与原发肿瘤的鉴别诊断。骨髓炎与表皮样骨囊肿的共存并不罕见。在本文中，我们描述了两例手指远节表皮样囊肿并发骨髓炎的病例，并进行了文献回顾。骨髓炎和表皮样骨囊肿与病变部位的先前创伤、指甲异常和慢性炎性体征有关，因此通过解剖病理学研究进行确诊，并进行良好的手术清创以确保两种病变的愈合非常重要。手术清创联合刮除和用抗生素填充骨缺损是治疗这些病变的良好选择。

when faced with a chronic digital injury, the differential diagnosis between osteomyelitis or primary tumor is raised. Coexistence between osteomyelitis and epidermoid bone cyst is not uncommon.in this article, we describe two cases of epidermoid cysts in distal phalanx of the hand associated with osteomyelitis and a review of the literature is presented.both osteomyelitis and epidermoid bone cyst have been related to the presence of previous trauma at the site of the lesion, nail alterations and chronic phlogotic signs, so it is important to reach a diagnosis of certainty through an anatomopathological study and to perform a good surgical debridement to ensure the healing of both entities.surgical debridement associated with curettage and filling of the bone defect with bone substitute with antibiotic is a good therapeutic option in the treatment of these lesions.