体内反射共聚焦显微镜（RCM）可在水平切面上研究建筑和细胞学方面，与组织学特征密切相关。然而，传统组织病理学的垂直切面不能完全重现体内RCM水平切面的图像。为了评估体内RCM与组织病理学横切面在黑色素细胞病变、基底细胞癌和脂溢性角化病上的一致性，对通过显微镜诊断的良性黑色素和非黑色素肿瘤进行了前瞻性收集，比较了具有血红素和嗜酸染色的水平切片上的常见RCM特征与组织病理学的结果。 在巴塞罗那医院皮肤科收集了44个皮肤肿瘤，其中19个是黑色素细胞病变（9个复合病变，5个交界性病变和5个表皮内痣），12个为基底细胞癌和13个为脂溢性角化病。具有与组织病理学水平切面显著一致性的RCM特征包括保留和可见的蜂巢图案、定义明确的表皮结合层、小型亮粒、真皮团块、肿瘤岛和黑色剪影、裂隙、胶原束、增厚的胶原束和细胞学异常。 通过评估皮肤肿瘤的水平切片组织病理学结果，可以与主要的RCM发现相一致。本研究的结果改善了对RCM特征与皮肤肿瘤之间关系的理解和解释，从而加强了RCM作为诊断工具的实用性。 本文章受版权保护，保留所有权利。

In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) enables the study of architectural and cytological aspects in horizontal sections, which closely correlate with histologic features. However, traditional histopathological vertical sections cannot totally reproduce the image of in vivo RCM horizontal section.To evaluate the concordance between in vivo RCM and histopathologic transverse sections for melanocytic lesions, basal cell carcinoma, and seborrheic keratoses.Prospectively collected benign melanocytic and non-melanocytic tumours diagnosed by dermoscopy were evaluated for common RCM features and compared to histopathology in horizontal sections with haematoxylin and eosin staining.A total of 44 skin tumours including 19 melanocytic lesions (9 compound, 5 junctional and 5 intradermal nevi), 12 basal cell carcinomas and 13 seborrheic keratoses were collected in the Department of Dermatology of Hospital Clinic of Barcelona. The RCM features that had statistically significant agreement with the histopathological horizontal sections were the preserved and visible honeycomb pattern, well-defined DEJ, small bright particles, dermal nests, tumour islands and dark silhouettes, clefting, collagen bundles, thickened collagen bundles and cytologic atypia.Histopathology evaluation of horizontal sections of skin tumours can be correlated with main RCM findings. The results of this study have improved the understanding and interpretation of RCM features in relation to skin tumours, thus reinforcing the utility of RCM as a diagnostic tool.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.