在有高质量医疗条件下，对种族间局部复发（LRR）差异的研究资料有限。我们的目标是研究参与国家手术辅助性乳腺和肠道（NSABP）B-42试验的I-IIIA期激素受体阳性（HR+）乳腺癌患者种族间晚期LRR的差异。从2006年到2010年，共纳入了3966例I-IIIA期HR+乳腺癌的绝经后妇女，她们在五年的激素治疗后无疾病复发，并随机分配进一步的5年激素治疗或安慰剂治疗。如果多种族或不清楚种族，则排除病人。使用Kaplan-Meier曲线估计了自试验登记以来6年LRR的情况，并根据种族进行比较。调整后的Cox比例风险模型用于生存分析。总体上，纳入了3929例NSABP B-42患者：3688例白人（占93.9%）、151例黑人（占3.8%）和90例亚洲人（占2.3%）。中位随访时间为75.2个月。自试验登记以来，估计的6年LRR率为1.8%，并且根据种族有所差异：白人女性的LRR率为1.7%，黑人女性的LRR率为4.9%，亚洲女性为0%（p = 0.046）。调整后的Cox比例风险分析发现黑人种族与LRR独立相关（风险比[HzR] 2.36，95%置信区间[CI] 1.01-5.49；p = 0.047）。淋巴结阳性也与LRR增加相关（HzR 1.75，95% CI 1.07-2.86；p = 0.025）。调整后的Cox分析发现LRR（HzR 2.32，95% CI 1.33-4.06；p = 0.003）与整体死亡率增加相关；然而，种族与死亡率无独立相关。在NSABP B-42试验中，种族间的晚期LRR差异存在于I-IIIA期HR+乳腺癌的绝经后患者中，其中黑人女性的LRR最高。© 2023 Society of Surgical Oncology.

There are limited data examining racial disparities in locoregional recurrence (LRR) among women with access to high-quality care. We aimed to examine differences in late LRR by race in patients with stage I-IIIA, hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer enrolled in the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel (NSABP) B-42 trial.From 2006 to 2010, 3966 postmenopausal women with stage I-IIIA HR+ breast cancer who were disease-free after 5 years of endocrine therapy were randomized to an additional 5 years of endocrine therapy or placebo. Patients were excluded if multi-racial or if race was unknown. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate 6-year LRR from the time of trial registration and according to race. Cox proportional hazards models were used for adjusted survival analyses.Overall, 3929 NSABP B-42 patients were included: 3688 (93.9%) White, 151 (3.8%) Black, and 90 (2.3%) Asian patients. Median follow-up was 75.2 months. Overall estimated 6-year LRR from trial registration was 1.8% and differed by race: LRR rates were 1.7% in White women, 4.9% in Black women, and 0% in Asian women (p = 0.046). Adjusted Cox proportional hazards analysis found Black race to be independently associated with LRR (hazard ratio [HzR] 2.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-5.49; p = 0.047). Node-positivity was also associated with increased LRR (HzR 1.75, 95% CI 1.07-2.86; p = 0.025). Adjusted Cox analysis found LRR (HzR 2.32, 95% CI 1.33-4.06; p = 0.003) to be associated with increased overall mortality; however, race was not independently associated with mortality.Among postmenopausal patients with stage I-IIIA HR+ breast cancer in the NSABP B-42 trial, racial differences in late LRR were present, with the highest LRR in Black women.© 2023. Society of Surgical Oncology.