引言：肿瘤微环境（TME）对头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）的发展至关重要。然而，TME的特性与HNSCC患者预后的相关性还不完全清楚。方法：本研究利用“estimate” R包计算了免疫和基质细胞得分。本研究采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析和CIBERSORT算法进行分析。结果：我们确定了七个新标志物：FCGR3B、IGHV3-64、AC023449.2、IGKV1D-8、FCGR2A、WDFY4和HBQ1。随后，构建了一个风险模型，并将所有HNSCC样本分为低风险组和高风险组。Kaplan-Meier生存和接收操作特征曲线（ROC）分析的结果显示，模型所指示的预后是准确的（1年、3年和5年生存率的分别为0.758、0.756和0.666）。此外，我们应用CIBERSORT算法揭示了两个风险组之间免疫细胞浸润水平的显著差异。讨论：本研究阐明了TME的作用，并鉴定了HNSCC患者的新预后生物标志物。 版权所有 © 2023 Wan，Li，Pan，Yong，Yang，Li，Zhao，Li，Yue和Yan。

Introduction: The tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial for the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the correlation of the characteristics of the TME and the prognosis of patients with HNSCC remains less known. Methods: In this study, we calculated the immune and stromal cell scores using the "estimate" R package. Kaplan-Meier survival and CIBERSORT algorithm analyses were applied in this study. Results: We identified seven new markers: FCGR3B, IGHV3-64, AC023449.2, IGKV1D-8, FCGR2A, WDFY4, and HBQ1. Subsequently, a risk model was constructed and all HNSCC samples were grouped into low- and high-risk groups. The results of both the Kaplan-Meier survival and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses showed that the prognosis indicated by the model was accurate (0.758, 0.756, and 0.666 for 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates). In addition, we applied the CIBERSORT algorithm to reveal the significant differences in the infiltration levels of immune cells between the two risk groups. Discussion: Our study elucidated the roles of the TME and identified new prognostic biomarkers for patients with HNSCC.Copyright © 2023 Wan, Li, Pan, Yong, Yang, Li, Zhao, Li, Yue and Yan.