为了评估预制微血管腓骨皮瓣的种植体周围和皮瓣参数，并确定牙种植体的存活率，进行了这项回顾性研究。该研究调查了两家高度专业化的肿瘤重建中心接受预制微血管腓骨皮瓣的一组患者。这些患者都因肿瘤切除或损伤而导致颌骨萎缩或大段缺损。两位独立的外科医生在临床随访期间确定了牙种植体的存活率，并评估了种植体周围和皮瓣参数。 总计1999年至2012年间有41名患者接受了预制腓骨皮瓣治疗。其中，对17名患者（男性10名，女性7名）的共计62个牙种植体进行了检查。其他24名患者无法评估，因此被排除在外。在随访评估之前，有10个牙种植体（16.1%）因种植体周围炎被拆除。腓骨皮瓣移植后的随访评估时间间隔为2年至12年（平均7.2年）。牙种植体的存活率为83.9%。共评估了208个牙面。总体而言，96%的牙面袋深（PD）≤ 4 mm，4%的牙面袋深> 5 mm。48.5%的种植体测得3 mm的附着水平（AL），15.9%的种植体测得≥ 5 mm的附着水平。牙种植体的PD＞4 mm显示出更高的菌斑指数（PI）（75%；P = .0057），破损丘病指数（PBI）（62.5%；P = .0094），和放射性骨质丢失（P = .0014），与PD≤4 mm的牙种植体比较。 与传统方法相比，使用微血管腓骨皮瓣进行重建手术在颌骨大段缺损的患者中代表了一种口腔康复的替代工具。然而，似乎由于腓骨和颌骨发育不同的骨化过程，这对牙种植体的存活率产生了影响。

To assess the peri-implant and flap parameters of the prefabricated microvascular fibula flap and determine the dental implant survival rate.This retrospective study investigated a cohort of subjects who received prefabricated microvascular fibula flaps at two highly specialized tumor reconstruction centers. The subjects had all suffered atrophy or a large segmental defect of the jaws due to tumor resection or injury. Two independent surgeons determined the dental implant survival rate and assessed the peri-implant parameters and flap parameters during clinical follow-up.In total, 41 subjects were treated with a prefabricated fibula flap between 1999 and 2012. Of these, 17 subjects (10 male, 7 female) with a total of 62 dental implants were examined. The other 24 subjects were unavailable for assessment and had to be excluded. Ten of the 62 dental implants (16.1%) had to be removed due to peri-implantitis before the follow-up assessment. Follow-up assessments were performed at intervals ranging from 2 to 12 years (mean: 7.2 years) after fibula flap transplantation. The dental implant survival rate was found to be 83.9%. A total of 208 dental surfaces were assessed. Overall, 96% of all surfaces had a pocket depth (PD) of ≤ 4 mm and 4% had a pocket depth of > 5 mm. An attachment level (AL) of 3 mm was measured in 48.5% of implants and ≥ 5 mm was measured in 15.9% of implants. Dental implants with a PD > 4 mm showed a significantly higher plaque index (PI) (75%; P = .0057), papillary bleeding index (PBI) (62.5%; P = .0094), and radiologic bone loss (P = .0014) compared to dental implants with a PD ≤ 4 mm.Reconstructive surgery using microvascular fibula flaps represents an alternative tool for oral rehabilitation in subjects suffering from a large segmental defect in the maxillary or mandibular bone compared to the conventional method. However, it appears that the different ossification processes that develop the fibula and the jawbones affect dental implant survival.