经动脉介入治疗(Transcatheter-arterial chemoembolization，TACE)是治疗各种肿瘤的一种既定的介入技术，然而其在肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤(Renal angiomyolipoma，RAML)治疗中的应用鲜有报道。传统的TACE (cTACE) 使用博莱霉素—碘油乳剂对RAML有着良好的疗效和耐受性。本研究的目的是进一步探讨博莱霉素载荷的CalliSpheres®微球TACE(CSM-TACE) 和cTACE在治疗RAML患者中的疗效和安全性。我们回顾性地分析了54例RAML接受CSM-TACE(n=17)或cTACE(n=37)治疗的数据。在获取的数据中包括肿瘤大小、肿瘤体积减小比率、肿瘤大小减小比例、治疗后白细胞计数(WBCs)、肌酐(Cre)、并发症和不良事件。治疗后的肿瘤大小 (88.66 vs. 81.19 cm3, P = 0.970)、肿瘤大小减小比例 (12 [70.59%] vs. 30 [81.08%], P = 0.486)、WBCs (P = 0.114)、Cre (P = 0.659)和治疗后Cre的变化 (P = 0.947)在两组间没有显著差异，然而肿瘤体积减小比率在CSM-TACE 组中相对较低，与cTACE组相比 (12±34% vs. 32±31%, P = 0.047)。术后最常见的并发症是栓塞后综合征，包括发热、恶心、腹痛，在CSM-TACE组和cTACE组中分别出现在9 (52.94%) 和14 (37.84%) 例患者身上，差异无显著性(P = 0.347)。CSM-TACE 对RAML患者具有良好的疗效和耐受性，暗示其作为一种替代疗法的潜在价值。

Transcatheter-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a well-established interventional technique for various tumor treatments, whereas its application in renal angiomyolipoma (RAML) is seldom reported. Conventional TACE (cTACE) with bleomycin-lipiodol emulsion is effective and tolerable for RAML treatment. In this study, we aimed to further explore the efficacy and safety between bleomycin-loaded CalliSpheres® microsphere TACE (CSM-TACE) and cTACE in treating RAML patients.We retrospectively analyzed the data of 54 RAML patients treated by CSM-TACE (n = 17) or cTACE (n = 37). Data on tumor size, tumor volume reduction ratio, patient percentage with tumor size reduction, white blood cells (WBCs), creatinine (Cre) after treatment, complications, and adverse events were retrieved.Tumor size (88.66 vs. 81.19 cm3, P = 0.970), patient percentage with tumor size reduction (12 [70.59%] vs. 30 [81.08%], P = 0.486) after treatment, WBCs (P = 0.114), Cre (P = 0.659), and change in Cre after treatment (P = 0.947) were not significantly different between groups, whereas tumor volume reduction ratio was slightly lower in the CSM-TACE group than in the cTACE group (12 ± 34% vs. 32 ± 31%, P = 0.047). The most common postoperative complication was a post-embolization syndrome, including fever, nausea, and abdominal pain, which occurred in 9 (52.94%) and 14 (37.84%) patients from the CSM-TACE and cTACE groups, respectively (P = 0.347).CSM-TACE is effective in and well tolerated by RAML patients, implying its potential as an alternative therapy.