慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎（HT）是乳头状甲状腺癌（PTC）的独立风险因素，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。HT患者中PTC的发生率显著升高，同时HT和PTC同时存在导致更高的误诊率。基因本体（GO）富集分析和京都基因和基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路分析被应用于GEO数据集的甲状腺结节基因芯片数据集上。从附属医院收集了191例甲状腺结节患者的血清和临床数据用于分析。实验技术包括实时定量PCR、ELISA、免疫组织化学（IHC）和酶活性检测，用于测定甲状腺结节组织和血清中二肽基肽酶4（DPP4）的水平。HT和PTC患者的甲状腺结节表现出高水平的DPP4以及血清中可溶性DPP4的浓度升高。这些发现证明了可溶性DPP4对PTC诊断的潜在预测价值。血清中可溶性DPP4的浓度和酶活性可以作为HT相关PTC患者的诊断生物标志物。

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an independent risk factor for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. The incidence of PTC in patients with HT is significantly elevated, and the presence of both HT and PTC contributes to a higher rate of misdiagnosis.Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed on the thyroid nodule gene chip dataset from GEO Datasets. Serum and clinical data from 191 patients with thyroid nodules at the affiliated hospital were collected for analysis. Experimental techniques, including real-time quantitative PCR, ELISA, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and enzyme activity detection, were used to measure the level of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) in thyroid nodule tissues and serum.Thyroid nodules in patients with HT and PTC exhibit high levels of DPP4, along with elevated concentrations of soluble DPP4 in the serum. These findings demonstrate the potential predictive value of soluble DPP4 for PTC diagnosis.The concentration and enzymatic activity of soluble DPP4 in serum can serve as diagnostic biomarkers for patients with HT-associated PTC.