我们分析了丹麦（DK）、芬兰（FI）、挪威（NO）和瑞典（SE）甲状腺癌的存活情况，时间跨度为50年（1971年-2020年），并额外考虑了发病率和死亡率的同时变化。基于人群的存活研究。我们从NORDCAN数据库获取了1971年至2020年的相对1年、5/1年（条件）和5年存活数据，同时还评估了发病率和死亡率。一个新的一致观察是，1年存活率比5/1年存活率差，但这两者之间的差异随着时间的推移逐渐减小。甲状腺癌的相对1年存活率（四个国家的平均值）分别为男性92.7%和女性95.6%；5年存活率分别为男性88.0%和女性93.7%。丹麦的存活率增长最多，从较低水平开始，并在结束时达到最佳的存活率。男性和女性甲状腺癌的发病率分别增加了3倍和4倍，同时，在同一时间内，男性的死亡率减少了一半，女性的死亡率减少了2/3。我们记录到，第一年的相对存活率比接下来的4年要差，最可能是由于罕见的间叶样癌。在50年的时间里，北欧国家甲状腺癌患者的总体存活率增加；男性的5年存活率接近90%，女性的5年存活率接近95%。尽管过度诊断可能解释了一些5年存活率的增加，但不太可能影响到1年存活率的显著增加。未满足的需求是在肿瘤转移之前通过诊断和治疗侵袭性肿瘤来提高1年的存活率。© 作者（们）2023。由牛津大学出版社代表欧洲内分泌学协会出版。版权所有。有关权限，请发送电子邮件至：journals.permissions@oup.com。

We analyze survival in thyroid cancer from Denmark (DK), Finland (FI), Norway (NO), and Sweden (SE) over a 50-year period (1971-2020), and additionally consider concomitant changes in incidence and mortality.Population-based survival study.Relative 1-, 5/1 (conditional)-, and 5-year survival data were obtained from the NORDCAN database for years 1971-2020. Incidence and mortality rates were also assessed.A novel consistent observation was that 1-year survival was worse than 5/1-year survival but the difference between these decreased with time. Relative 1-year survival in thyroid cancer (mean for the 4 countries) reached 92.7% for men and 95.6% for women; 5-year survival reached 88.0% for men and 93.7% for women. Survival increased most for DK which started at a low level and reached the best survival at the end. Male and female incidence rates for thyroid cancer increased 3- and 4-fold, respectively. In the same time, mortality halved for men and for women, it decreased by 2/3.We documented worse relative survival in the first year than in the 4 subsequent years, most likely because of rare anaplastic cancer. Overall survival in thyroid cancer patients increased in the Nordic countries in the course of 50 years; 5-year survival was close to 90% for men and close to 95% for women. Even though overdiagnosis may explain some of 5-year survival increase, it is unlikely to influence the substantial increase in 1-year survival. The unmet need is to increase 1-year survival by diagnosing and treating aggressive tumors before metastatic spread.© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Society of Endocrinology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.