自从文明的开端，人们就将植物作为一种安全高效的治疗多种疾病的形式。很久以来，人们就已经知道飞机草拥有治疗许多疾病的潜力。在本研究中，采用渍泡法获得了飞机草叶片的水提物，发现p-香豆素是主要成分。该提取物富含酚类物质(174.82 mg盐酸当量/克)和黄酮类物质(1781.7 µg槲皮素当量/克)。提取物具有很高的抗氧化性能，这表现在2,2-二苯基-1-苯基甲酰肼(DPPH) (366.33 μg/mL)和2,2'-联氨基 (3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸 (ABTS) (169.04 μg/mL)的IC50值以及铁离子还原抗氧化能力(FRAP) (1.67 μg抗坏血酸当量/克提取物)上。提取物的细胞毒性被评估对HT 29细胞的存活影响，IC50为236.87 μg/mL。和提取物相对较耐药的菌株是大肠杆菌，最敏感的菌株是金黄色葡萄球菌。通过扫描电子显微镜和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜展示了这些菌株的形态变化。因此飞机草提取物可用作抗氧化剂、抗菌剂和抗癌剂。© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.

Since the dawn of civilization, people have turned to plants as a safe and efficient form of treatment for a variety of diseases. It has long been known that Calotropis procera has the potential to treat a number of diseases. In this study, the C. procera leaf aqueous extract was obtained using the maceration method, and p-coumaric was found to be the main compound. The extract was rich in phenols (174.82 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) and flavonoids (1781.7 µg quercetin equivalent/g). The extract had high antioxidant properties, as indicated by the IC50 values obtained for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (366.33 μg/mL) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) (169.04 μg/mL), as well as the ferric ions reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (1.67 μg ascorbic acid equivalent/g of the extract). The cytotoxicity of the extract was evaluated against the survival of HT 29 cells, and the IC50 was found to be 236.87 μg/mL. The most resistant and sensitive strains to the extract were Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. The morphological changes of these strains were demonstrated through scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The C. procera extract could be therefore used as an antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer agent.© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.