由于与现代药物相比，中草药药物的副作用较低，因此在医生和患者中获得了认可。它们被广泛用于治疗各种疾病，包括癌症、心血管问题、慢性炎症、微生物污染、糖尿病、肥胖症和肝脏疾病等。不幸的是，中草药药物在临床应用中由于其低溶解度和不足的生物利用度而受到限制。利用纳米晶体形式的中草药药物（中草药纳米晶体）已显示出在减小颗粒大小、增大比表面积和改变吸收机制方面提高溶解度和生物利用度的潜力。多个研究表明，这些纳米晶体通过减少毒性和增加生物利用度显著提高药物疗效。本综述全面考察了基于中草药纳米晶体的治疗方法，包括制备原则、影响成核和多态性控制的关键因素、应用和局限性。综述强调了优化给药系统对成功的中草药纳米晶体治疗的重要性。此外，还讨论了开发中草药纳米晶体以治疗癌症、炎症性疾病、心血管疾病、精神和神经疾病以及抗微生物感染等病症所面临的主要挑战和机遇。总之，我们探讨了纳米毒性、体内动力学、中草药成分作为纳米晶体稳定剂的潜力以及通过利用中草药纳米晶体制剂克服药物耐药性的前景展望。我们预计，本综述将为发展中草药纳米晶体作为一种有前景的新治疗策略提供创新的见解。

Herbal medicines have gained recognition among physicians and patients due to their lower adverse effects compared to modern medicines. They are extensively used to treat various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular issues, chronic inflammation, microbial contamination, diabetes, obesity, and hepatic disorders, among others. Unfortunately, the clinical application of herbal medicines is limited by their low solubility and inadequate bioavailability. Utilizing herbal medicines in the form of nanocrystals (herbal medicine nanocrystals) has shown potential in enhancing solubility and bioavailability by reducing the particle size, increasing the specific surface area, and modifying the absorption mechanisms. Multiple studies have demonstrated that these nanocrystals significantly improve drug efficacy by reducing toxicity and increasing bioavailability. This review comprehensively examines therapeutic approaches based on herbal medicine nanocrystals. It covers the preparation principles, key factors influencing nucleation and polymorphism control, applications, and limitations. The review underscores the importance of optimizing delivery systems for successful herbal medicine nanocrystal therapeutics. Furthermore, it discusses the main challenges and opportunities in developing herbal medicine nanocrystals for the purpose of treating conditions such as cancer, inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular disorders, mental and nervous diseases, and antimicrobial infections. In conclusion, we have deliberated regarding the hurdles and forthcoming outlook in the realm of nanotoxicity, in vivo kinetics, herbal ingredients as stabilizers of nanocrystals, and the potential for surmounting drug resistance through the utilization of nanocrystalline formulations in herbal medicine. We anticipate that this review will offer innovative insights into the development of herbal medicine nanocrystals as a promising and novel therapeutic strategy.